bapak

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Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay bapa, bapak, from Old Javanese bapa, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *appa. Doublet of bapa. Hoogervorst mentioned that the word was affixed as *ba- (“someone who fulfils the function of or behaves like”) + apak, which is cognate of Tamil அப்பா (appā, “father”),[1] and comparable to modern ber- +‎ apak. See also Ashokan Prakrit *𑀩𑀸𑀧𑁆𑀧 (*bāppa, “father”).

Pronunciation

Noun

bapak

  1. father
  2. mister, sir
  3. (formal) you
  4. uncle

Usage notes

Similar function in Malay found more in bapa.

Synonyms

  • pak (“mister”, more likely)

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Tom Hoogervorst (2017) Andrea Acri, Roger Blench, Alexandra Landmann, editor, The Role of “Prakrit” in Maritime Southeast Asia through 101 Etymologies‎, ISEAS Publishing, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 375–440

Further reading

Javanese

Javanese writing system
Carakan ꦧꦥꦏ꧀
Pegon
Roman bapak

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

bapak (krama ngoko bapak, krama inggil rama)

  1. father

Descendants

  • Caribbean Javanese: bapak

References

  • "bapak" in W. J. S. Poerwadarminta, Bausastra Jawa. J. B. Wolters' Uitgevers-Maatschappij N. V. Groningen, Batavia, 1939

Malay

Alternative forms

  • (noun): pak (clipping)

Etymology

Variant of bapa, from Old Javanese bapa, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *appa. Doublet of bapa. Hoogervorst mentioned that the word was affixed as *ba- (“someone who fulfils the function of or behaves like”) +‎ apak (“father”), which is cognate of Tamil அப்பா (appā, “father”),[1] and comparable to modern ber- +‎ apak. See also Ashokan Prakrit *𑀩𑀸𑀧𑁆𑀧 (*bāppa, “father”).

Pronunciation

Noun

bapak (Jawi spelling باڤق, plural bapak-bapak, informal 1st possessive bapakku, 2nd possessive bapakmu, 3rd possessive bapaknya)

  1. (informal) Alternative form of bapa.

Adverb

bapak (Jawi spelling باڤق)

  1. (colloquial) Used as an intensifier.
    Synonyms: -nya, gila, nak mampus
    Bapak laju kereta tu!
    That car is so fast!

References

  1. ^ Tom Hoogervorst (2017) Andrea Acri, Roger Blench, Alexandra Landmann, editor, The Role of “Prakrit” in Maritime Southeast Asia through 101 Etymologies‎, ISEAS Publishing, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 375–440

Further reading

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia