bapak

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Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay bapa, bapak, from Classical Malay باڤ (bapa), باڤق (bapak), from Old Javanese bapa, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *appa. Doublet of bapa. Hoogervorst mentioned that the word was affixed as *ba- (“someone who fulfils the function of or behaves like”) +‎ apak (“father”), which is cognate of Tamil அப்பா (appā, “father”),[1] and comparable to modern ber- +‎ apak. See also Ashokan Prakrit *𑀩𑀸𑀧𑁆𑀧 (*bāppa, “father”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bapaʔ/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: ba‧pak

Noun

bapak (first-person possessive bapakku, second-person possessive bapakmu, third-person possessive bapaknya)

  1. father
  2. mister, sir
  3. (formal) you
  4. uncle

Usage notes

Similar function in Malay found more in bapa.

Synonyms

  • pak (“mister”, more likely)

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Tom Hoogervorst (2017) Andrea Acri, Roger Blench, Alexandra Landmann, editor, The Role of “Prakrit” in Maritime Southeast Asia through 101 Etymologies‎, ISEAS Publishing, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 375–440

Further reading

Javanese

Javanese writing system
Carakan ꦧꦥꦏ꧀
Pegon
Roman bapak

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

bapak (krama ngoko bapak, krama inggil rama)

  1. father

Descendants

  • Caribbean Javanese: bapak

References

  • "bapak" in W. J. S. Poerwadarminta, Bausastra Jawa. J. B. Wolters' Uitgevers-Maatschappij N. V. Groningen, Batavia, 1939

Malay

Etymology

Variant of bapa, from Old Javanese bapa, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *appa. Doublet of bapa. Hoogervorst mentioned that the word was affixed as *ba- (“someone who fulfils the function of or behaves like”) +‎ apak (“father”), which is cognate of Tamil அப்பா (appā, “father”),[1] and comparable to modern ber- +‎ apak. See also Ashokan Prakrit *𑀩𑀸𑀧𑁆𑀧 (*bāppa, “father”).

Pronunciation

Noun

bapak (Jawi spelling باڤق, plural bapak-bapak, informal 1st possessive bapakku, 2nd possessive bapakmu, 3rd possessive bapaknya)

  1. father; male parent.
    Synonym(s): bapa (bapanda, bapai, bapang, baba, papa), ayah (ayahanda, aya, yah), abah (aba, bah), rama
  2. (archaic) mister, sir
    Synonyms: cik, encik, tuan

Adverb

bapak (Jawi spelling باڤق)

  1. (colloquial) so; very.
    Bapak laju dia!
    He's so fast!
    Synonym(s): gila, nak mampus
  • pak (“mister”, more likely)

References

  1. ^ Tom Hoogervorst (2017) Andrea Acri, Roger Blench, Alexandra Landmann, editor, The Role of “Prakrit” in Maritime Southeast Asia through 101 Etymologies‎, ISEAS Publishing, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 375–440
  2. ^ Adelaar, 1992.

Further reading

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia