barbár
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Hungarian
Etymology
From German Barbar, from Latin barbarus (“foreigner, savage”), from Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros, “foreign, non-Greek, strange”).
Pronunciation
Adjective
barbár (comparative barbárabb, superlative legbarbárabb)
- barbarian, barbaric
- Antonym: civilizált
Declension
| Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | barbár | barbárak |
| accusative | barbárt | barbárakat |
| dative | barbárnak | barbáraknak |
| instrumental | barbárral | barbárakkal |
| causal-final | barbárért | barbárakért |
| translative | barbárrá | barbárakká |
| terminative | barbárig | barbárakig |
| essive-formal | barbárként | barbárakként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | barbárban | barbárakban |
| superessive | barbáron | barbárakon |
| adessive | barbárnál | barbáraknál |
| illative | barbárba | barbárakba |
| sublative | barbárra | barbárakra |
| allative | barbárhoz | barbárakhoz |
| elative | barbárból | barbárakból |
| delative | barbárról | barbárakról |
| ablative | barbártól | barbáraktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
barbáré | barbáraké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
barbáréi | barbárakéi |
Derived terms
Noun
barbár (plural barbárok)
Declension
| Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | barbár | barbárok |
| accusative | barbárt | barbárokat |
| dative | barbárnak | barbároknak |
| instrumental | barbárral | barbárokkal |
| causal-final | barbárért | barbárokért |
| translative | barbárrá | barbárokká |
| terminative | barbárig | barbárokig |
| essive-formal | barbárként | barbárokként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | barbárban | barbárokban |
| superessive | barbáron | barbárokon |
| adessive | barbárnál | barbároknál |
| illative | barbárba | barbárokba |
| sublative | barbárra | barbárokra |
| allative | barbárhoz | barbárokhoz |
| elative | barbárból | barbárokból |
| delative | barbárról | barbárokról |
| ablative | barbártól | barbároktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
barbáré | barbároké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
barbáréi | barbárokéi |
| Possessive forms of barbár | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | barbárom | barbárjaim |
| 2nd person sing. | barbárod | barbárjaid |
| 3rd person sing. | barbárja | barbárjai |
| 1st person plural | barbárunk | barbárjaink |
| 2nd person plural | barbárotok | barbárjaitok |
| 3rd person plural | barbárjuk | barbárjaik |
References
- ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
Further reading
- barbár in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- barbár in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)