bełt

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See also: belt, Belt, and bèlt

Old Polish

Etymology

Deverbal from *bełtać (“to stir”) with a semantic shift cause by a similar shape of the object used for stirring. First attested in 1422.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /bɛɫt/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /bɛɫt/

Noun

bełt m inan

  1. (attested in Greater Poland) arrow; shot
    • 1878-1889 [1422], Archiwum Komisji Historycznej‎, volume III, Greater Poland, page 326:
      S clenotu a s sawolanya Bolczew, czsso nossą trzy belty na sczycze
      [Z klenotu a z zawołania Bolcew, czso noszą trzy bełty na szczycie]
  2. crossbow
    • 1885-2024 [1425], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors, Prace Filologiczne‎, volume V, page 33:
      Be[l]th katapulta
      [Bełt katapulta]

Descendants

  • Polish: bełt

References

  • Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “bełtać”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
  • Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “bełt”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “bełt”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Polish bełt. By surface analysis, deverbal from bełtać (“to stir”).

Pronunciation

 
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛwt
  • Syllabification: bełt

Noun

bełt m inan or m animal

  1. (archery) nock (base of an arrow in which feathers are placed)
  2. bolt (ammunition for a crossbow)
  3. (colloquial, derogatory) bum wine (cheap wine; portion of this)
    Synonyms: alpaga, jabcok, jabol, mamrot, siara, wino marki wino, żur
  4. (colloquial, derogatory) faff (unclear, incomprehensible statement)
  5. turbulent liquid, especially water
  6. (obsolete) splash, plop
    Synonym: plusk
  7. (obsolete, fishing) rod (pole with a knob at the end which fishermen use to swirl the water, driving fish into the net sometimes used as a kind of oar to push the boat in shallow, swampy or overgrown places)
Declension
Declension of bełt
singular plural
nominative bełt bełty
genitive bełtu bełtów
dative bełtowi bełtom
accusative bełt/bełta bełty
instrumental bełtem bełtami
locative bełcie bełtach
vocative bełcie bełty

Etymology 2

Borrowed from German Belt.[1] First attested in the 19th century[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

bełt m inan

  1. strait, sea isthmus
  2. (obsolete, mining) horizontal strut in a shaft
Declension
Declension of bełt
singular plural
nominative bełt bełty
genitive bełtu bełtów
dative bełtowi bełtom
accusative bełt bełty
instrumental bełtem bełtami
locative bełcie bełtach
vocative bełcie bełty

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Noun

bełt m animal

  1. blud (creature in Slavic folklore)
    Synonyms: błąd, błęd, błądzeń, błądzón, błędnik, błud, błudón, obłęd
Declension
Declension of bełt
singular plural
nominative bełt bełty
genitive bełta bełtów
dative bełtowi bełtom
accusative bełta bełty
instrumental bełtem bełtami
locative bełcie bełtach
vocative bełcie bełty
verbs

References

  1. ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “bełt”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
  2. ^ J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “bełt”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 114

Further reading

  • bełt in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • bełt in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “bełt”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • Danuta Lankiewicz (29.03.2023) “BEŁT”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “bełt”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “bełt”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • bełt in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
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