beirid

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbʲɛɾʲədʲ/

Verb

beirid

1. (archaic, Munster) third-person plural present indicative/present subjunctive of beir

Usage notes

The modern standard forms are beireann siad in the indicative and go mbeire siad in the subjunctive.

Mutation

Middle Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish beirid, from Proto-Celtic *bereti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-. See Old Irish ro·uic for the etymology of the suppletive perfective forms.

Pronunciation

• (earlier) IPA^(key): /ˈbʲerʲəðʲ/
• (later) IPA^(key): /ˈbʲerʲəɣʲ/

Verb

beirid (conjunct beir, verbal noun breth)

1. to carry, bring
   • c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 1:

     Ro·ferad failte friu uile, ocus ructha chuci-sium isin mbruidin.

     They were all made welcome and brought to him in the hall.

   • c. 1000, Anonymous, published in (1935) Rudolf Thurneysen, editor, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó (in Middle Irish), Dublin: Staionery Office, § 1, l. 15, page 2: “Mani·tucad immurgu ní din chéttadall ni·bered a n-aill. ― If, however, he did not take anything at (literally “from”) his first thrust, he did not bring the second.”

Conjugation

• Third person singular imperfect indicative: ·bered
• Plural passive perfect contracted absolute: ructha

Descendants

• Irish: beir
• Manx: behr
• Scottish Gaelic: beir

Mutation

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “beirid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *bereti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-. See ro·uic for the etymology of the suppletive perfective forms.

Cognates include Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽 (bairan), Ancient Greek φέρω (phérō), Sanskrit भरति (bhárati), Latin ferō, Old Church Slavonic бьрати (bĭrati).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Verb

beirid (conjunct ·beir, verbal noun breth)

1. to carry, bring
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 6^c9

     Ní hed not·beir i nem, cía ba loingthech.

     It is not this that brings you sg into heaven, that you may be gluttonous.

2. to bear (children)
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 129^c8

     in tan ṁberes claind, is fáilid íar sin

     when she bears children, she is joyous after that

3. to give (judgment)
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 9^c12

     Bat hé berte bretha lib.

     Let it be them who give judgments among you.

4. to refer
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 29^a28

     Ní taibre grád for nech causa a pectha ꝉ a chaíngníma: ar bíit alaili and ro·finnatar a pecthe resíu do·coí grád forru; alaili is íarum ro·finnatar. Berir dano fri láa brátha.

     You sg should not confer orders on anyone because of his sin or of his good deed: for there are some whose sins are found out before their ordination, others whose are found out afterwards. Reference is made, then, to the day of judgment.

     (literally, “…before orders go upon them…”)

Conjugation

Perfective forms derived from ro·uic:

Derived terms

Descendants

• Middle Irish: beirid
  • Irish: beir
  • Manx: behr
  • Scottish Gaelic: beir

Mutation

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “beirid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language