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Middle Dutch
Etymology
A mixture of two verbs:
Verb
bernen
- (intransitive) to burn, to be on fire
- (transitive) to burn, to cause to be on fire or consumed by fire
Inflection
| Strong class 3
|
| Infinitive
|
bernen
|
| 3rd sg. past
|
barn
|
| 3rd pl. past
|
bornen
|
| Past participle
|
gebornen
|
| Infinitive
|
bernen
|
| In genitive
|
bernens
|
| In dative
|
bernene
|
| Indicative
|
Present
|
Past
|
| 1st singular
|
berne
|
barn
|
| 2nd singular
|
berns, bernes
|
borns, bornes
|
| 3rd singular
|
bernt, bernet
|
barn
|
| 1st plural
|
bernen
|
bornen
|
| 2nd plural
|
bernt, bernet
|
bornt, bornet
|
| 3rd plural
|
bernen
|
bornen
|
| Subjunctive
|
Present
|
Past
|
| 1st singular
|
berne
|
borne
|
| 2nd singular
|
berns, bernes
|
bornes
|
| 3rd singular
|
berne
|
borne
|
| 1st plural
|
bernen
|
bornen
|
| 2nd plural
|
bernt, bernet
|
bornet
|
| 3rd plural
|
bernen
|
bornen
|
| Imperative
|
Present
|
|
| Singular
|
bern, berne
|
|
| Plural
|
bernt, bernet
|
|
|
|
Present
|
Past
|
| Participle
|
bernende
|
gebornen
|
| Weak
|
| Infinitive
|
bernen
|
| 3rd sg. past
|
—
|
| 3rd pl. past
|
—
|
| Past participle
|
—
|
| Infinitive
|
bernen
|
| In genitive
|
bernens
|
| In dative
|
bernene
|
| Indicative
|
Present
|
Past
|
| 1st singular
|
berne
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
berns, bernes
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
bernt, bernet
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
bernen
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
bernt, bernet
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
bernen
|
—
|
| Subjunctive
|
Present
|
Past
|
| 1st singular
|
berne
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
berns, bernes
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
berne
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
bernen
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
bernt, bernet
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
bernen
|
—
|
| Imperative
|
Present
|
|
| Singular
|
bern, berne
|
|
| Plural
|
bernt, bernet
|
|
|
|
Present
|
Past
|
| Participle
|
bernende
|
—
|
Derived terms
Descendants
Further reading
Middle English
Etymology
From Old English birnan, metathesis from Proto-West Germanic *brinnan, from Proto-Germanic *brinnaną (“to burn”).
Verb
bernen
- To burn.
1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Manciples Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales (in Middle English), ,
→OCLC; republished in [
William Thynne], editor,
The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, ,
:
[
Richard Grafton for]
Iohn Reynes ,
1542,
→OCLC,
folio xcix, recto, column 2:
That for the tyraunt is of greater might / By force of meyne, to ſlee downe right / And brenne houſe & home, & make al playn, / Lo therfore is he called a capitayne / And for the outlawe hath but ſmal meyne / And maie not do ſo great an harm, as he / Ne brynge a countrey to ſo great miſchefe / Men callen him an outlawe or a thefe- That because the tyrant is of greater might / By force of retinue, to slay downright / And burn house and home, and make all level / Lo therefore is he called a captain / And because the outlaw has but a small retinue / And may not do so great a harm as he / Nor bring a country to so great mischief / Men call him an outlaw or a thief
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Piers Plowman to this entry?)
Descendants
References