bes

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "bes"

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English bes.

Pronunciation

Verb

bes

  1. (now chiefly dialectal) third-person singular simple present indicative of be
    • 1850, William Stevens Balch, Ireland, as I Saw it:
      She bes there these five yare, an' has sint hoome foor her broother an' sister, the mooney for their passage, an' they bes goone these thra yares.
    • 1916, The Windsor Magazine - Volume 44, page 353:
      "An' he bes free times as old as herself," he wailed, " an' ugly as a squid ! But he bes rich — rich as any marchant — an' for the bread an' the fixin's an' the gold she bes takin' 'im."
    • 2005, Brenda Dooling, The Diamond Cage, →ISBN, page 236:
      And she bes white. Now, I bes what they use to call a house nigra. I don't work in no fields. And you know, I likes my color. Sho' not real fair, and not real dark either. I bes just who I be.
  2. (dialectal, nonstandard) Present tense inflected form of be: am or are.
    • 1850, William Stevens Balch, Ireland, as I Saw it:
      She bes there these five yare, an' has sint hoome foor her broother an' sister, the mooney for their passage, an' they bes goone these thra yares.
    • 2005, Brenda Dooling, The Diamond Cage, →ISBN, page 236:
      And she bes white. Now, I bes what they use to call a house nigra. I don't work in no fields. And you know, I likes my color. Sho' not real fair, and not real dark either. I bes just who I be.
Usage notes

Into the Early Modern English period, be was still sometimes inflected like regular verbs in the ordinary present indicative (i.e. "they be", in addition to "they are"), although "he bes" was uncommon (compare "he beeth"). Today, such inflected forms are limited to the alternate, dynamic / lexical conjugation of be described in its Usage notes.

Synonyms

References

  1. ^ Henry Sweet, A Primer of Historical English Grammar (1893), page 88: The use of be in the pres. indic. is still kept up in Early MnE: I be, thou beest, they be, etc.; the form he bes is, however, very rare.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin bes.

Noun

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

bes (plural besses)

  1. (historical, numismatics) A bronze coin of the Roman Republic, worth two thirds of an as.

Etymology 3

Noun

bes

  1. plural of be (Cyrillic letter)

Anagrams

Aromanian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Latin vissiō. Compare Romanian băși.

Verb

bes first-singular present indicative (past participle bishitã)

  1. to fart

Synonyms

Related terms

Balinese

Romanization

bes

  1. Romanization of ᬩᭂᬲ᭄

Catalan

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

bes

  1. plural of be (“the letter B”)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin basium, from Proto-Indo-European *bu. Compare Occitan bais, Spanish beso, Italian bacio.

Noun

bes m (plural besos)

  1. kiss
    Synonyms: petó, besada
Related terms

Etymology 3

Inherited from Latin versus. Doublet of vers.

Noun

bes m (plural bessos)

  1. (nautical) strip of cloth used as part of a sail or a flag

Further reading

Chipewyan

Noun

bes

  1. knife

Cornish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *bɨd, from Proto-Celtic *bitus.

Pronunciation

  • (Revived Late Cornish) IPA(key):

Noun

bes m (plural besow)

  1. (Revived Late Cornish) world

Mutation

  Mutation of bes  
Cornish consonant mutation
unmutated soft aspirate hard mixed mixed after 'th
bes ves unchanged pes fes ves

Dutch

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch bes, from Old Dutch besi, from Proto-Germanic *basją. Compare English berry, Gothic 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌱𐌰𐍃𐌹 (weinabasi, “grape”).

Noun

bes f (plural bessen, diminutive besje n)

  1. berry
    Synonyms: bei, bees, bezie
Derived terms
Descendants
  • → Papiamentu: bèshi (from the diminutive)
  • → Jersey Dutch: bääśe (from the diminutive)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

bes f (plural bessen, diminutive besje n)

  1. (music) B flat

Etymology 3

Backformation from besje, from older bestje, from bestemoer or bestemoeder (“grandma, old woman”).

Alternative forms

Noun

bes f (plural bessen, diminutive besje n)

  1. (chiefly diminutive) an old woman

Jamaican Creole

Adjective

bes

  1. superlative degree of gud: best

Kashubian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъzъ.

Noun

bes m inan

  1. elder (Sambucus)

Further reading

  • “bes”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “bez”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎

Latin

Etymology

From a derivative of *duō (“two”) (compare bis) + as.

Pronunciation

Noun

bes m (genitive bessis); third declension

  1. two-thirds, or a two-thirds part of any unit
  2. a coin worth two-thirds of an as

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

Case Singular Plural
Nominative bes bessēs
Genitive bessis bessium
Dative bessī bessibus
Accusative bessem bessēs
bessīs
Ablative besse bessibus
Vocative bes bessēs

References

  • bes in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Malay

Malay Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ms

Etymology

From English base.

Noun

bes (Jawi spelling بيس, plural bes-bes, informal 1st possessive besku, 2nd possessive besmu, 3rd possessive besnya)

  1. (chemistry) base, any of a class of generally water-soluble compounds, having bitter taste, that turn red litmus blue, and react with acids to form salts.

Alternative forms

Further reading

Middle English

Etymology

A version of bith with the third-person singular ending replaced with -es as in other verbs (in some dialects) and the vowel of the infinitive been leveled in.

Verb

bes

  1. Alternative form of bith

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

bes

  1. passive form of be

Old Irish

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Verb

bes

  1. third-person singular present subjunctive relative of is

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
bes bes
pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/ 		mbes
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Papiamentu

Etymology

From Portuguese vez and Spanish vez and Kabuverdianu vés.

Noun

bes

  1. times as in "three times is too much"
  2. occasion, instance

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *běsъ (“evil spirit”).

Pronunciation

Noun

bȇs m (Cyrillic spelling бе̑с)

  1. rage
  2. fury
  3. madness
  4. mania
  5. tantrum
  6. wildness
  7. ferocity
  8. rampage

Declension

Declension of bes
singular plural
nominative bȇs bȅsovi
genitive besa besova
dative besu besovima
accusative bes besove
vocative bese besovi
locative besu besovima
instrumental besom besovima

Spanish

Pronunciation

Noun

bes m (plural beses)

  1. bes (two-thirds of an as (Roman measurement), around 219.3 grams)

Noun

bes f pl

  1. plural of be

Further reading

Swedish

Verb

bes

  1. passive infinitive of be
  2. present passive of be

Tagalog

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Clipping from English best friend.

Noun

bes (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜐ᜔)

  1. (colloquial, women's speech, gay slang) endearing term of address for one's friend, especially a close friend or bestfriend: friend; best friend
Usage notes
Related terms

Etymology 2

From Spanish vez, from Latin vicis (“change, alternation”). Doublet of beses.

Noun

bes (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜒᜐ᜔) (Cavite)

  1. time; instance; repetition
    Synonyms: ulit, beses

Further reading

  • “bes”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Western Yugur

Western Yugur cardinal numbers
 <  4 5 6  > 
    Cardinal : bes

Numeral

bes

  1. five
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