brać

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bьrati. First attested in 1392.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /brat͡ɕ/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /brat͡ɕ/

Verb

brać impf

1. to take (to grab with the hands)
2. to gather
3. to take furtively, to skim off, to pilfer
4. to extract
5. to pass long
6. to pass responsibility or
7. to conclude; to infer
8. to charge , , or , or
9. to occupy
10. to confiscate
11. to choose
12. (reflexive with się) to leave, to go
13. (reflexive with się, law) to appeal to a higher court
14. (reflexive with się) to get prepared
15. (reflexive with się) to personate
16. (reflexive with się) to resist

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

• Masurian: bracz
• Polish: brać
• Silesian: brać

References

• Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “brać”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
• Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “brać”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
• Mańczak, Witold (2017) “brać”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
• Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “brać”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “brać”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Polish brać. Cognate with English bear.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /brat͡ɕ/
• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈbrat͡ɕ/

• Audio 1, brać

  (file)

• Audio 2, brać się

  (file)

• Rhymes: -at͡ɕ
• Syllabification: brać

Verb

brać impf (perfective wziąć)

1. (transitive) to take (to grab with the hands)
2. (transitive) to take (grabbing with one's hands, to place somewhere)
3. (transitive) to take in (to agree to take care of)
4. (transitive) to take (to allow to join)
5. (transitive) to take (to ensure that one has something with them when they depart)
6. (transitive) to take, to charge (to ask for or demand a certain amount of money for something)
7. (transitive) to take (to have temporarily, e.g. a room at a hotel)
8. (transitive) to take (to hire a particular person for a job or task)
9. (transitive) to take; to get (to gain from a particular source, e.g. a resource)

   brać pomysł ― to get an idea

10. (transitive) to take, to take away (to deprive of)

    Synonym: zabrać

11. (transitive) to take (to force someone to go somewhere, e.g. to the police)
12. (transitive) to take (to ingest e.g. medicine)
13. (transitive) to take (to conquer, to gain e.g. a city)
14. (transitive, vulgar, of men) to take (to have sexual relations with a woman)

    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:uprawiać seks

15. (transitive, colloquial) to take (to pass on the road while driving)

    Synonym: wyprzedzać

16. (transitive) to take (to consider someone or something to be something, especially unfairly)
17. (transitive) to get someone to do something (to convince someone to taking a particular action)
18. (transitive) to take; to get (as a light verb, to be the performer or subject of an action)

    brać prysznic ― to take a shower

    brać masaż ― to get a massage

    brać ślub ― to get married

19. (transitive, of emotions, diseases, etc.) to take (to appear in someone's body or psyche)
20. (transitive, fishing) to bite; to take (to attach to a hook on a rod; to be caught)
21. (transitive) to take on (to accept a position or function)
22. (transitive) to take (to defeat someone or something)
23. (transitive) to put on (to begin wearing some article of clothing)
24. (transitive, colloquial) to take (to interest, to grab someone's attention)
25. (intransitive, of weather) to build up
26. (transitive) to get (to understand somehow)
27. (transitive) to take (to get hit)

    Synonym: dostawać

28. (transitive) to take after, to get from (to inherit some traits)
29. (transitive) to take, to choose, to select

    Synonym: wybrać

30. (reflexive with się) to take oneself (to grab oneself by something) or
31. (reflexive with się) to take each other (to grab each other by something) , , or
32. (reflexive with się) to get to (to begin to do some activity) or (proscribed)

    brać się do roboty ― to get to work

33. (reflexive with się) to be convinced (to allow oneself to be convinced to doing something)
34. (reflexive with się, colloquial) to take on (to begin to deal intensively with matters related to a specific person)
35. (reflexive with się, colloquial) to come from (to have a source from)
36. (reflexive with się, obsolete) to be deceived

    Synonym: nabrać się

37. (reflexive with się, obsolete) to get to (to arrive, to go to)

    Synonym: udawać się

Conjugation

Verb

brać impf (perfective wziąć)

1. (impersonal, colloquial) to get the urge, to get a hankering (to feel a strong need or want to do something to the point where one cannot help themself)

Conjugation

Derived terms

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), brać is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 25 times in scientific texts, 38 times in news, 26 times in essays, 32 times in fiction, and 42 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 162 times, making it the 355th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

Etymology 2

Back-formation from bracia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /brat͡ɕ/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -at͡ɕ
• Syllabification: brać

Noun

brać f

1. (collective, dated) company; band (group of people associating with each other)

Declension

References

Further reading

• brać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• brać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “brać”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “brać się”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• “BRAĆ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2023 March 23
• “BRAĆ%20SIĘ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 02.09.2010
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “brać”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “brać”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “brać”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎ (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 198
• brać in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

Silesian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish brać.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbrat͡ɕ/
• Rhymes: -at͡ɕ
• Syllabification: brać

Verb

brać impf (perfective wziōńś)

1. (transitive) to take
2. (reflexive with sie) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Conjugation

Related terms

Further reading

• brac in dykcjonorz.eu
• brać in silling.org
• brać_sie in silling.org