brati

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See also: bráti and brāti

Latin

Noun

bratī

  1. inflection of bratus:
    1. nominative/vocative plural
    2. genitive singular

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bьrati.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /brâti/
  • Hyphenation: bra‧ti

Verb

brȁti impf (Cyrillic spelling бра̏ти)

  1. (transitive) to pick (grasp and pull with the fingers or fingernails)
  2. (transitive) to pick (to remove a fruit or plant for consumption)
    Branje gljiva ― Mushroom picking

Conjugation

Conjugation of brati
Infinitive: brati Present verbal adverb: bèrūći Past verbal adverb: — Verbal noun: bránje
Number Singular Plural
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Verbal forms ja ti on / ona / ono mi vi oni / one / ona
Present berem bereš bere beremo berete beru
Future Future I brat ću1
braću 		brat ćeš1
braćeš 		brat će1
braće 		brat ćemo1
braćemo 		brat ćete1
braćete 		brat će1
braće
Future II bȕdēm brao2 bȕdēš brao2 bȕdē brao2 bȕdēmo brali2 bȕdēte brali2 bȕdū brali2
Past Perfect brao sam2 brao si2 brao je2 brali smo2 brali ste2 brali su2
Pluperfect3 bȉo sam brao2 bȉo si brao2 bȉo je brao2 bíli smo brali2 bíli ste brali2 bíli su brali2
Imperfect brah braše braše brasmo braste brahu
Conditional I brao bih2 brao bi2 brao bi2 brali bismo2 brali biste2 brali bi2
Conditional II4 bȉo bih brao2 bȉo bi brao2 bȉo bi brao2 bíli bismo brali2 bíli biste brali2 bíli bi brali2
Imperative — beri — berimo berite —
Active past participle brao m / brala f / bralo n brali m / brale f / brala n
Passive past participle bran m / brana f / brano n brani m / brane f / brana n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.

4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.
  *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

Slovene

FWOTD – 10 March 2023

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *bьrati (“to pick up, to take”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti. For the meaning development compare with Latin lego (“to choose, to select, to collect, to gather, to read”), also compare with Russian разобра́ть (razobrátʹ, “to dismantle, to disassemble, to take apart, to deconstruct, to analyse, to parse, but also to recognize, to discern, make out, to read”), Russian разбо́рчивый по́черк (razbórčivyj póčerk, “legible handwriting”), Russian разбо́рчивая речь (razbórčivaja rečʹ, “intelligible speech”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bràːti/
  • Hyphenation: brá‧ti

Verb

bráti impf

  1. (transitive) to read (look at and interpret letters or other information)
    Synonyms: čītati, prebīrati, razbīrati
  2. (transitive) to recognize feelings from a face
  3. (transitive, rare) to guess, to tell (fortune)
    Synonyms: ugībati, napovedováti
    • 1973, Milko Matičetov, Zverinice iz rezije, page 34:
      Tedaj so ji zmerom morale dati kaj, ko jim je metala karte in brala srečo iz roke.
      At that time, they always had to give her something when she was putting down cards and telling their luck from their hands.
  4. (transitive, archaic, chiefly eastern dialects) to gather, to pick
    Synonyms: nabīrati, tŕgati
    • 1983, Rado Radešček, Slovenske legende, page 62:
      Prigodilo pa se je, da je nekoč na Šmarni gori brala jagode nedolžna deklica, po imenu Matjaževa Micka iz Zavrha.
      Once it happened that an innocent girl named Micka from Zavrh was picking strawberries on Šmarna gora.
  5. (transitive, usually in imperative mood) to understand as
    Evropska (beri: zahodna) kultura. ― European (i.e. western) culture.
  6. (intransitive, reflexive, slang) to keep in touch, usually by messages
  7. (obsolete) to cost, to consume, to need

Conjugation

Class V, accentual type IIA (accent is directly before infinitive ending and not directly before present indicative endings), imperfective
Infinitive bráti (a-ti), l-participle brȃł
Long infinitive (usually only written, except in very formal contexts) bráti
Short infinitive (in spoken formal language, colloquial) brȁt
Supine brȃt
l-participle
masculine feminine neuter
singular brȃł brála brȃlo
dual brȃla brȃli brȃli
plural brȃli brȃle brȃla
n-/t-participle (passive participle)
masculine feminine neuter
singular brán brána bráno
dual brána bráni bráni
plural bráni bráne brána
š-participle
masculine feminine neuter
singular – – –
dual – – –
plural – – –
adverbial š-participle brȃvši
True gerund brānje
Objectified gerund brānje
Present stem bérem (e-m)
Present indicative
singular dual plural
1st person bérem béreva, bérema béremo
2nd person béreš béreta, béresta bérete, béreste
3rd person bére béreta, béresta bérejo, berọ́
Imperative
singular dual plural
1st person béri berȋva, berȋma berȋmo
2nd person béri berȋta berȋte
3rd person béri berȋta –
č-participle
masculine feminine neuter
singular berọ̄č berọ́ča berọ́če
dual berọ́ča berọ́či berọ́či
plural berọ́či berọ́če berọ́ča
adverbial participles
č-participle berọ̄č
e-participle berȃje

Derived terms

Further reading

  • “brati”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
  • “brati”, in Termania, Amebis
  • See also the general references
Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia