breth

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Middle English

Etymology 1

Noun

breth

  1. Alternative form of bredthe

Etymology 2

Noun

breth

  1. Alternative form of breeth

Old Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *britis.[1] The declension switched from i-stem to ā-stem by analogy with bert (“bundle”), which is the foundation of the verbal nouns of all derivatives of beirid.

Pronunciation

Noun

breth f (genitive brithe, nominative plural bretha)

  1. verbal noun of beirid: carrying, bearing
  2. judgement

Inflection

Etymologically this should be an i-stem with nominative singular brith. This alternative nominative singular is known to exist, but only an ā-stem inflection is attested.

Feminine ā-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative brethL, brithL brithL brethaH
Vocative brethL, brithL brithL brethaH
Accusative brithN brithL brethaH
Genitive britheH brethL brethN
Dative brithL brethaib brethaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
breth breth
pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/ 		mbreth
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*briti-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 79

Further reading

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