bruk

Gothic

Romanization

bruk

1. Romanization of 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌺

Kalasha

Etymology

From Sanskrit वृक्क (vṛkka), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wr̥tkás; compare Persian گرده (gorde).

Noun

bruk (Arabic بروُک)

1. kidney

Lithuanian

Alternative forms

• bruki

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Verb

brùk

1. second-person singular imperative of brukti

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

Cognate with Upper Sorbian bruk and Czech brouk.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bruk/

Noun

bruk m animal (diminutive bruck)

1. beetle (insect)

Declension

Derived terms

• brucaś
• brucyk
• brucyś
• brukaś

Further reading

• Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “bruk”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
• Starosta, Manfred (1999) “bruk”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Middle Low German bruk.

Noun

bruk m or n (definite singular bruken or bruket, uncountable)

1. use (noun)

Derived terms

Noun

bruk n (definite singular bruket, indefinite plural bruk, definite plural bruka or brukene)

1. farm, works, mill, factory (industrial undertaking)

Derived terms

Verb

bruk

1. imperative of bruke

References

• “bruk” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /brʉːk/

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German bruk.

Noun

bruk m or n (definite singular bruken or bruket, uncountable)

1. use (noun)

Derived terms

Noun

bruk n (definite singular bruket, indefinite plural bruk, definite plural bruka)

1. farm, works, mill, factory (industrial undertaking)

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

bruk

1. imperative of bruka
2. imperative of bruke

References

• “bruk” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

bruk

Wikipedia ^pl

Etymology

Borrowed from German Brücke. Doublet of bryk and bryka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bruk/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uk
• Syllabification: bruk
• Homophones: bróg, Bróg, Brug

Noun

bruk m inan (related adjective brukowy)

1. cobblestones (road pavement made of stones)
   • 1969, Seweryn Orzełowski, Budowa podwozi i nadwozi samochodowych‎, 18th edition, Wydawnictwa Szkolne i Pedagogiczne, page 379:

     Na podstawie obserwowanej eksploatacji wyznacza się [...] procentowe udziały pracy na drogach o różnych rodzajach nawierzchni (asfalt, bruk, drogi gruntowe)[...]

     On the basis of the observed exploitation one determines the percentage of action on roads with different kinds of pavement (asphalt, cobblestones, dirt roads)

   • 2013 November 11, “Wyrwany bruk, rozbite samochody. Skutki zamieszek”, in Rzeczpospolita‎, archived from the original on 2023-01-11:

     Policja pilnuje zniszczonej ulicy Wilczej. Leży na niej bruk, szkło i metalowe słupki.

     The police is monitoring the ruined Wilcza Street. On it lie cobblestones, glass, and metal poles.

   • 2021 September 11, Aleksandra Beldowicz, “Poznań stawia na rośliny w centrum miasta”, in Rzeczpospolita‎, archived from the original on 2021-09-20:

     [...] władze miasta planują usuwać bruk i sadzić rośliny [...]

     the city government plans to remove the cobblestones and plant plants

2. (archaic) pavement of any sort

   Synonym: nawierzchnia

   • 1934 June 13, “Zamach na asfalt magistracki”, in Józef Matuszczyk, editor, ABC: pismo codzienne informuje wszystkich o wszystkiem‎, number 161, Warszawa: Mazowiecka Spółka Wydawnicza, archived from the original on 2023-01-11, page 4:

     W tych dniach na ul. Gęsiej przystąpiono do naprawiania bruku asfaltowego, jednakże robotę chwilowo przerwano.

     In these days, on Gęsia Street, the repair of the asphalt pavement was begun; however, the work was momentarily stopped.

Declension

Derived terms

References

Further reading

• bruk in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• bruk in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• bruk in PWN's encyclopedia

Swedish

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:

bruk

Wikipedia ^sv

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:

lista över järnbruk i Sverige

Wikipedia ^sv

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:

Kategori:Pappersbruk i Sverige

Wikipedia ^sv

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:

lista över glasbruk i Sverige

Wikipedia ^sv

Etymology

From Low German bruk (“use”), from the verb bruken (“to use”).

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʉːk

Noun

bruk n

2. (regular or continuous) use, usage

   Jag har inget bruk för den

   I have no use for it

   1. (in compounds) cultivation, tillage, etc. (use of soil, land, or other resources)
3. a customary way of behaving within some group of people; a practice, a custom, a fashion, a tradition, culture

   seder och bruk

   customs and practices

4. a mill, a works (industrial facility for processing raw materials, usually dealing with iron, wood, or glass – especially one with a long history)

   Han jobbar på bruket

   He works at the mill

5. mortar (mixture of cement)
   • 1948, Ulf Peder Olrog, song title

     Mera bruk i baljan, boys

     More mortar in the trough, boys

   Synonym: murbruk

Usage notes

Idiomatic for using illegal drugs and certain public services – for example home care – in (sense 1).

Declension

Derived terms

• bruksanvisning
• bruksindustri
• bruksort (“mill town”)
• brukspatron
• bruksmiljö
• glasbruk
• jordbruk (“agriculture”)
• järnbruk (“iron works, iron mill”)
• murbruk
• naturbruk (“natural resource use”)
• pappersbruk (“paper mill”)
• skogsbruk (“forestry”)
• vattenbruk (“aquaculture”)

Related terms

• bruka (“use”)
• brukare (“user”)
• brukbar (“usable”)
• bruklig
• obrukbar (“unusable”)

See also

• användning
• hytta
• verk

References

• bruk in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• bruk in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• bruk in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• burk

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English break.

Verb

bruk intrans., transitive brukim

1. (intransitive) break
   • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 2:10:

     Na wanpela wara i kamap long Iden bilong givim wara long dispela gaden. Dispela wara i bruk na i kamap 4-pela han wara

     →New International Version translation

Adjective

bruk

1. broken

Related terms

• brukim