brun

See also: Brun, brún, brün, and brůn

Danish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bʁuːˀn/, , , ,

Etymology 1

From Old Norse brúnn.

Adjective

brun

brown (color/colour)
(as a noun) brown (color/colour)

Inflection

Inflection of brun
	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Indefinte common singular	brun	brunere	brunest²
Indefinite neuter singular	brunt	brunere	brunest²
Plural	brune	brunere	brunest²
Definite attributive¹	brune	brunere	bruneste
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

Derived terms

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

brun

imperative of brune

References

“brun” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch Low Saxon

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bɾuːn/

Adjective

brun

Alternative spelling of bruun

French

Etymology

From Middle French, from Old French brun (“polished, shiny, brown”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bʁœ̃/
(Paris, Northern France) IPA^(key): /bʁɛ̃/
(Quebec) IPA^(key): /bʀœ̃˞/
audio (France) (file)
audio (Belgium) (file)
audio (Quebec) (file)
Rhymes: -œ̃

Adjective

brun (feminine brune, masculine plural bruns, feminine plural brunes)

brown (color/colour)

Usage notes

In France, this is usually for hair, using marron for other uses.

Derived terms

Descendants

→ Breton: brun
Louisiana Creole: brun
→ Romanian: brun

Noun

brun m (plural bruns, feminine brune)

brown (color/colour)
brown-haired person

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese brũu (14th century), from Old French brun (“polished, shiny, brown”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key):

Adjective

brun (feminine bruna, masculine plural bruns, feminine plural brunas)

(archaic, of hair) brown
- 1390, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago. Versión gallega del Códice latino del siglo XII atribuido al papa Calisto I, Madrid: C.S.I.C., page 133:
  Rey Calrros auia os cabelos brũus et a façe uermella, et avia o corpo moy bẽ feicto et de boo estado, et a catadura braua
  King Charles had brown hair and a reddish face, and his body was very well formed and in good shape, and his aspect was fierce

Related terms

References

“bruno” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
“bruu” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
“bru_u” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
“bru” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.
“brun” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.

German Low German

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bɾuːn/

Adjective

brun

Alternative spelling of bruun

Icelandic

Noun

brun n (genitive singular bruns, no plural)

rush (the act of moving at high speed)
(skiing) alpine skiing

Declension

declension of brun

	indefinite	definite
n-s	singular
nominative	brun	brunið
accusative	brun	brunið
dative	bruni	bruninu
genitive	bruns	brunsins

Interlingua

Adjective

brun

brown (color/colour)

Louisiana Creole

Etymology

Inherited from French brun (“brown”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bɾœ̃/
Rhymes: -œ̃

Adjective

brun

brown (color/colour)
Synonym: maron

Norman

Alternative forms

breun (Guernsey, Cotentin)

Etymology

From Old French brun (“polished, shiny, brown”).

Pronunciation

Audio (Jersey) (file)

Adjective

brun m

(Jersey) brown (color/colour)

Norwegian Bokmål

Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:

brun

Wikipedia ^no

Etymology

From Old Norse brúnn.

Adjective

brun (masculine and feminine brun, neuter brunt, definite singular and plural brune, comparative brunere, indefinite superlative brunest, definite superlative bruneste)

brown (color/colour)

Derived terms

References

“brun” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:

brun

Wikipedia ⁿⁿ

Alternative forms

bron (dialectal)

Etymology

From Old Norse brúnn.

Adjective

brun (neuter brunt, definite singular and plural brune, comparative brunare, indefinite superlative brunast, definite superlative brunaste)

brown (color/colour)

Derived terms

References

“brun” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *brūnaz.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bruːn/

Adjective

brūn

brown (color/colour)

Declension

Declension of brūn — Strong

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	brūn	brūn	brūn
Accusative	brūnne	brūne	brūn
Genitive	brūnes	brūnre	brūnes
Dative	brūnum	brūnre	brūnum
Instrumental	brūne	brūnre	brūne
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	brūne	brūna, brūne	brūn
Accusative	brūne	brūna, brūne	brūn
Genitive	brūnra	brūnra	brūnra
Dative	brūnum	brūnum	brūnum
Instrumental	brūnum	brūnum	brūnum

Declension of brūn — Weak

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	brūna	brūne	brūne
Accusative	brūnan	brūnan	brūne
Genitive	brūnan	brūnan	brūnan
Dative	brūnan	brūnan	brūnan
Instrumental	brūnan	brūnan	brūnan
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	brūnan	brūnan	brūnan
Accusative	brūnan	brūnan	brūnan
Genitive	brūnra, brūnena	brūnra, brūnena	brūnra, brūnena
Dative	brūnum	brūnum	brūnum
Instrumental	brūnum	brūnum	brūnum

Descendants

Middle English: broun, broyn, brown, brun, bruyn
- English: brown
  - Bislama: braon
  - Tok Pisin: braun
  - → Welsh: brown
  - → Tongan: palauni
- Geordie English: broon
- Scots: broon, broun

Old French

Etymology

From Late Latin brunus (attested in Isidore of Seville), from Frankish *brūn (“brown, dark, shiny”), from Proto-Germanic *brūnaz (“brown”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbɾyn/

Adjective

brun m (oblique and nominative feminine singular brune)

brown (color/colour)

Declension

Declension of brun

Number	Case	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Singular	Subject	bruns	brune	brun
Singular	Oblique	brun	brune		brune	brun
Plural	Subject	brun	brunes		brun
Plural	Oblique	bruns	brunes		brunes	brun

Descendants

Middle French: brun
- French: brun
  - → Breton: brun
  - Louisiana Creole: brun
  - → Romanian: brun
Norman: breun, brun
→ Galician: brun (archaic)

Noun

brun oblique singular, m (oblique plural bruns, nominative singular bruns, nominative plural brun)

brown-haired person

Declension

Declension of brun

Number	Case	Masculine	Feminine
Singular	Subject	bruns	brune
Singular	Oblique	brun	brune
Plural	Subject	brun	brunes
Plural	Oblique	bruns	brunes

Plautdietsch

Adjective

brun

brown (color/colour)

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French brun.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /brun/

Adjective

brun m or n (feminine singular brună, masculine plural bruni, feminine and neuter plural brune)

brown (color/colour)
brown or dark-haired

Declension

Declension of brun

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative/ accusative	indefinite	brun		brună	bruni	brune
nominative/ accusative	definite	brunul		bruna	brunii	brunele
genitive/ dative	indefinite	brun		brune	bruni	brune
genitive/ dative	definite	brunului		brunei	brunelor	brunilor

Swedish

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:

brun

Wikipedia ^sv

Etymology

From Old Swedish brūn, from Old Norse brúnn. The political sense is originally a reference to the brown uniforms worn by members of the Sturmabteilung, a paramilitary organization in Nazi Germany.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /¹brʉːn/,
audio (file)
Rhymes: -ʉːn

Adjective

brun (comparative brunare, superlative brunast)

brown (color/colour)
(politics, usually derogatory, relational) of fascism or right-wing nationalism
ett brunt parti ― a fascist party (literally, “a brown party”)
- 2010, Lars Ulwencreutz, Redaktör'n har ordet‎, Ulwencreutz Media, →ISBN, page 186:
  Bondeförbundet (Centerpartiet) var en gång ett mycket "brunt parti", bruna sympatier fanns även hos gamla Högerpartiet (Moderaterna). Kristen Demokratisk Samling (Kristdemokraterna) grundades till och med av gamla nationalsocialister.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 2011, Mattias Gardell, Islamofobi [Islamophobia]‎, Leopard förlag, →ISBN, page 254:
  De bruna valframgångarna är en indikator på hur det politiska spektrumet i sig har vridits mot en kulturisering av politiken där politiker utger sig för att slå vakt om västerländska, Europeiska och nationella värden mot det föreställda hotet från islam och muslimer[...]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 2021 December 2, P-A Hultman, “Hur bruna är Sverigedemokraterna?”, in Strömstads Tidning‎:
  Detta visar att nazismen och SD har samma tankar och idéer. Det finns således bevis för att ”brunt parti” stämmer väl överens med kända fakta om SD.
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 2023 January 27, “C måste göra upp med sitt bruna förflutna”, in Eskilstuna-Kuriren‎:
  Under första halvan av 1900-talet hade Bondeförbundet, 1957 namnändrat till Centerpartiet (C), en mycket brun politik. Kanske var den brunare än den hos (S), men om detta vet vi inte då många dokument fortfarande är hemligstämplade?
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Inflection of brun
Indefinite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative²
Common singular	brun	brunare	brunast
Neuter singular	brunt	brunare	brunast
Plural	bruna	brunare	brunast
Masculine plural³	brune	brunare	brunast
Definite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Masculine singular¹	brune	brunare	brunaste
All	bruna	brunare	brunaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic

Colors in Danish · farver (layout · text)
hvid	grå	sort
rød; højrød	orange; brun	gul; flødefarvet
lime	grøn
cyan; turkis	azurblå	blå
violet; indigo	magenta; lilla	lyserød

Colors in French · couleurs (layout · text)
blanc	gris	noir
rouge; cramoisi, carmin	orange; brun, marron	jaune; crème
lime	vert	menthe
cyan, turquoise; bleu canard	azur, bleu ciel	bleu
violet, lilas; indigo	magenta; pourpre	rose

Colors in Interlingua · colores (layout · text)
blanc, albe	gris	nigre
rubie	orange; brun	jalne; crema
verde lima	verde	verde mentha, acquamarine
cyano	azure	blau
violette; indigo	magenta; purpure	rosate

Colors in Louisiana Creole · koulær-yé (layout · text)
blan	gri	nwa, nwar
rouj	zoranj; brun, maron	jonn, jònn
	vè, vèr, vær, væt	vè fonsé
sèrsèl		blé, ble
vyolé, vyolèt	lila	ròz, roz

Wikious

Boobota

Sagapedia