bryngen

• brenge, bring, bringe, bringen, bringge, bringue, brinken, bryng, brynge, bryngge, bryngyn
• brinngenn (Ormulum)

Inherited from Old English bringan, from Proto-West Germanic *bringan, from Proto-Germanic *bringaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenk-.

• IPA^(key): /ˈbrinɡən/

bryngen (third-person singular simple present bryngeth, present participle bryngynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative broghte, past participle broght)

1. to bring; to (physically) convey or deliver towards
2. to deliver or provide (news, an argument, etc.)
3. to put; to set or bring onto.
   • c. 1375, “Book V”, in Iohne Barbour, De geſtis bellis et uirtutibus domini Roberti de Brwyß (The Brus, Advocates MS. 19.2.2)‎, Ouchtirmunſye: Iohannes Ramſay, published 1489, folio 17, verso, lines 408-410; republished at Edinburgh: National Library of Scotland, c. 2010:

     All þe wictalis owtane ſalt / Als quheyt and flour ⁊ meill ⁊ malt / In þe wyne sellar geꝛt he bꝛyng […]

     All the food except for salt, / like wheat, flour, meal, and malt, / he went to put in the wine-cellar

4. to bring about; to create; to occasion:
   1. to supply, contribute; to provide with
   2. to bring, lead (in(to) or out (of) a quality)
   3. to modify (something) into (something else)
   4. (rare) to cause (to do); to induce

• This verb is often used as part of phrasal verb constructions.
• The analogical strong class 3 past forms found in Old English (brang, brungen) and nonstandard modern English (brang, brung) are not known in Middle English; since this verb is reasonably common, it is therefore likely they did not exist.

• English: bring
• Scots: bring
• Yola: ee-brougkt (ppl)

• “bringen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.