bērzs

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Latvian

 bērzi on Latvian Wikipedia
Bērzi

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *berźas,[1] *berźā (with the long ē caused by the level intonation: er̄ > ēːr), from *bʰerHǵós.

Dialectal Latvian bērze is closer to Old Prussian, while dialectal Latvian bērza is closer to Slavic. Cognates include Lithuanian béržas, Old Prussian berse, Proto-Slavic *berza, Old English beorc, Old High German birka, English birch, German Birke, Sanskrit भूर्ज (bhūrjá), Latin frāxinus (“ash tree”) (< *bʰr̥Hǵ-s-inos). [2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

bērzs m (1st declension)

  1. birch tree (gen. Betula)
    bērza lapa, malka, tāss ― birch leaf, wood, bark
    purva bērzs ― bog birch
    āra bērzs ― silver birch, European white birch
    nocirst bērzu ― to cut down a birch tree
    bērzu sula ― birch juice
    bērzu slota ― birch broom
    sasiet bērza zarus slotā ― to tie birch branches into a broom

Declension

Declension of bērzs (1st declension)
singular (vienskaitlis) plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs) bērzs bērzi
accusative (akuzatīvs) bērzu bērzus
genitive (ģenitīvs) bērza bērzu
dative (datīvs) bērzam bērziem
instrumental (instrumentālis) bērzu bērziem
locative (lokatīvs) bērzā bērzos
vocative (vokatīvs) bērz bērzi

See also

References

  1. ^ “beržas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
  2. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “bērzs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca‎ (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
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