cía

Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word cía. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word cía, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say cía in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word cía you have here. The definition of the word cía will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition ofcía, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.

Middle Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish cía, from Proto-Celtic *kʷēs (compare Welsh pwy), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷis.

Pronoun

cía

  1. (interrogative) who?
    • c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 3:
      Tabair dóibsium dib línaib, cumma cía thóetsat imbi.
      Give it to them both, it doesn’t matter who will fall because of it.

Descendants

  • Irish:
  • Scottish Gaelic:
  • Manx: quoi

Mutation

Middle Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
cía chía cía
pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

Old Irish

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *kʷēs (compare Welsh pwy), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷis.

Pronoun

cía (triggers aspiration, neuter (triggers lenition) cid, plural citné or cisné)

  1. (stressed interrogative pronoun) who? what?
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 35a17
      Air cía dunaibhí do·foirmsed?
      For to whom would he add?
      (literally, “For who are the ones to whom he would add?”)
Usage notes

The stressed interrogative pronoun cía and its neuter and plural counterparts take:

  • either a relative clause describing an action involving the noun to be identified
    cia dia·fiachaigedar (Ml. 44b3)
    who (is it) to whom it is endebted?
  • or a substantive indicating whose identity is to be found; in this case also the pronoun is understood to contain the copula in it and no overt copula appears
    cia dune ind inni-sseo (Ml. 35c33)
    who is the man of this sort?
Descendants

Pronoun

cía or ce or ci (triggers aspiration)

  1. (unstressed interrogative pronoun) who? what?
    • c. 700, Críth Gablach, published in Críth Gablach (1941, Dublin: Stationery Office), edited by Daniel Anthony Binchy, p. 21, paragraph 40, line 536
      Cía cethrar? Rí ⁊ brithem ⁊ dias i manchuini.
      Who are the four people (plural)? A king, judge, and two others in service.
    • c. 775, “Táin Bó Fraích”, in Book of Leinster; republished as Ernst Windisch, editor, Táin bó Fraích, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1974, line 299:
      As·biurt-sa frie: "Cía lóg rom·bia latt ara fagbáil?" As·bert-si frim-sa dom·bérad seirc mblíadnae dam-sa.
      I said to her, "what (is the) reward (neuter) I will have for finding it?" She said to me that she would give me love in one year.
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 89b7
      cía·bed flaith
      who would be ruler?
  2. (indefinite) whoever, whatever (followed by the subjunctive in the present tense)
    cía·tíasamwhereever we go (literally, “whatever we go to”)
Usage notes

The unstressed interrogative pronoun is invariable for gender and number. It is a conjunct particle and so is followed by the dependent form of the verb.

cía·accawho did you see?

It is used to in fixed phrases to express an interrogative adverb:

cía airm fwhat is the place? where?
cía indas nwhat is the way? how?
cía méit fwhat is the amount? how much?
cía ered nwhat is the length? how long?

Determiner

cía (triggers aspiration, feminine (triggers lenition) cesí or cessi or cisí, neuter (triggers lenition) ced or cid, plural citné or cisné)

  1. which, what (agreeing with following noun in gender and number)
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 120c7
      cid torbae ara·torsata
      for what use (neuter) have they been created?
    • c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 26a6
      ɔ eperthae cía aiccentcisí aimser derb thechtas
      so that it might be said what accent (masculine) and what certain time (feminine) it has

Adverb

cía

  1. wherever
  2. however

Further reading

Etymology 2

Uncertain; possibly from the pronoun (Etymology 1).

Conjunction

cía (triggers lenition)

  1. although
  2. if, even if
  3. that (introducing a noun clause)

For quotations using this term, see Citations:cía.

Derived terms
Descendants

Further reading

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
cía chía cía
pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Spanish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (Spain) /ˈθia/
  • IPA(key): (Latin America) /ˈsia/
  • Rhymes: -ia
  • Syllabification: cí‧a

Verb

cía

  1. inflection of ciar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative