côtoyer

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French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French costoier. See côte and -oyer.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ko.twa.je/
  • Audio(file)

Verb

côtoyer

  1. (nautical, rare, intransitive) to coast
    Synonym: caboter
  2. (literally) to pass alongside
  3. (figurative) to rub shoulders
    Synonym: fréquenter
    • 2016, Mathilde Ramadier, Alberto Madrigal, Berlin 2.0, Futuropolis, →ISBN, page 47:
      Et toi t’as pris de bien mauvaises habitudes en me côtoyant!
      And you've picked up some very bad habits by spending time with me!

Conjugation

This verb is part of a large group of -er verbs that conjugate like noyer or ennuyer. These verbs always replace the 'y' with an 'i' before a silent 'e'.

Conjugation of côtoyer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple côtoyer
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple côtoyant
/ko.twa.jɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle côtoyé
/ko.twa.je/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present côtoie
/ko.twa/ 		côtoies
/ko.twa/ 		côtoie
/ko.twa/ 		côtoyons
/ko.twa.jɔ̃/ 		côtoyez
/ko.twa.je/ 		côtoient
/ko.twa/
imperfect côtoyais
/ko.twa.jɛ/ 		côtoyais
/ko.twa.jɛ/ 		côtoyait
/ko.twa.jɛ/ 		côtoyions
/ko.twaj.jɔ̃/ 		côtoyiez
/ko.twaj.je/ 		côtoyaient
/ko.twa.jɛ/
past historic2 côtoyai
/ko.twa.je/ 		côtoyas
/ko.twa.ja/ 		côtoya
/ko.twa.ja/ 		côtoyâmes
/ko.twa.jam/ 		côtoyâtes
/ko.twa.jat/ 		côtoyèrent
/ko.twa.jɛʁ/
future côtoierai
/ko.twa.ʁe/ 		côtoieras
/ko.twa.ʁa/ 		côtoiera
/ko.twa.ʁa/ 		côtoierons
/ko.twa.ʁɔ̃/ 		côtoierez
/ko.twa.ʁe/ 		côtoieront
/ko.twa.ʁɔ̃/
conditional côtoierais
/ko.twa.ʁɛ/ 		côtoierais
/ko.twa.ʁɛ/ 		côtoierait
/ko.twa.ʁɛ/ 		côtoierions
/ko.twa.ʁjɔ̃/ 		côtoieriez
/ko.twa.ʁje/ 		côtoieraient
/ko.twa.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present côtoie
/ko.twa/ 		côtoies
/ko.twa/ 		côtoie
/ko.twa/ 		côtoyions
/ko.twaj.jɔ̃/ 		côtoyiez
/ko.twaj.je/ 		côtoient
/ko.twa/
imperfect2 côtoyasse
/ko.twa.jas/ 		côtoyasses
/ko.twa.jas/ 		côtoyât
/ko.twa.ja/ 		côtoyassions
/ko.twa.ja.sjɔ̃/ 		côtoyassiez
/ko.twa.ja.sje/ 		côtoyassent
/ko.twa.jas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — côtoie
/ko.twa/ 		— côtoyons
/ko.twa.jɔ̃/ 		côtoyez
/ko.twa.je/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

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