cal

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U+3388, ㎈
SQUARE CAL

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Translingual

Symbol

cal

  1. calorie

Derived terms

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Clippings.

Noun

cal (plural cals)

  1. (informal) Clipping of calorie.
  2. (military, informal) Clipping of caliber.
  3. (informal) Clipping of calendar.
    • 2020 April 1, Taylor Lorenz, “Stop Trying to Be Productive”, in The New York Times:
      “I set an hour on my cal every day for a home workout. Then I’d be on calls for three hours, then I’d make a homemade breakfast, take a walk at lunchtime, work on something non-screen-related in the evening, cook dinner and go on a run,” she said.
  4. Clipping of calibration.
Derived terms

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

cal (uncountable)

  1. (mining, archaic, UK, dialect, Cornwall) wolfram, an ore of tungsten.
References
  1. ^ 1858, Peter Lund Simmonds, The Dictionary of Trade Products

Etymology 3

From an abbreviation of calcium hydroxide.

Noun

cal (uncountable)

  1. calcium hydroxide, slaked lime

See also

Anagrams

Albanian

Etymology

Same as çal with the usual c:ç alteration in the first letter ( also cek:çek, cep:çep, cipë:çipë, etc.). Northern Gheg word, also used as first and last name, Cal +‎ -i. Lambertz classifies Cali as an Illyrian name, but Çabej considers it unconvincing.

Noun

cal m (plural calë, definite cali, definite plural calët)

  1. lame person, one who limps
    Synonyms: çal, çalaman

Declension

Declension of cal
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative cal cali calë calët
accusative calin
dative cali calit calëve calëve
ablative calësh

Adjective

cal (feminine cale)

  1. limper, lame

References

  1. ^ Lambertz, Maximilian (1952) Zeitschrift für Indogermanische Forschungen, 60, page 307
  2. ^ Çabej, E. (1987) “cal”, in Studime etimologjike në fushë të shqipes (in Albanian), volumes III: C–D, Tirana, page 7

Aromanian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Late Latin caballus (horse), from Latin caballus (pack horse). Compare Romanian cal.

Noun

cal m (plural calj or cai)

  1. horse

Catalan

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Contraction

cal

  1. contraction of ca el

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

cal

  1. third-person singular present indicative of caldre

Chinese

Etymology

From clipping of English calibrate.

Pronunciation

Verb

cal

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to fine-tune; to calibrate (a hardware, e.g. camera, television, speakers)

See also

Dalmatian

Etymology 1

From Latin quālis.

Conjunction

cal

  1. as

Etymology 2

From Latin callis.

Noun

cal

  1. road, street

References

  • Bartoli, Matteo (1906) Il Dalmatico: Resti di un’antica lingua romanza parlata da Veglia a Ragusa e sua collocazione nella Romània appenino-balcanica, Rome: Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, published 2000

French

Pronunciation

Noun

cal m (plural cals)

  1. callus (hardened part of the skin)

Further reading

Galician

Galician Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia gl

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese cal, from Vulgar Latin *calem, from Latin calx, from Ancient Greek χάλιξ (khálix, pebble).

Noun

cal m (plural cales)

  1. lime (calcium oxide)
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Old Galician-Portuguese caal, from Latin canalis. Doublet of canal.

Alternative forms

Noun

cal m or f (plural cales)

  1. ditch
  2. furrow
  3. mill race
  4. chute
Derived terms

Etymology 3

From Old Galician-Portuguese cal / qual, from Latin quālis (which). Cognate with Portuguese qual and Spanish cual.

Alternative forms

Pronoun

cal (plural cales)

  1. which (what one)

Etymology 4

Noun

cal f (uncountable)

  1. abbreviation of caloría

References

Istriot

Etymology

From Latin callis, callem.

Noun

cal

  1. street, alley

Megleno-Romanian

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin caballus (horse), from Latin caballus (pack horse), probably of Gaulish origin.

Noun

cal m

  1. horse

References

  • Atasanov, Petar (1990) Le mégléno-roumain de nos jours: Une approche linguistique, Hamburg: Buske

Middle English

Noun

cal (Northern)

  1. alternative form of col

Old English

Etymology

Variant of cawel.

Noun

cāl m

  1. cabbage, kale, colewort

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

  • Middle English: col

References

Old Galician-Portuguese

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Inherited from Vulgar Latin cals, from Latin calx, from Ancient Greek χάλιξ (khálix, pebble).

Noun

cal f (plural cals)

  1. lime (calcium oxide)
    • 13th century, Afonso Lopes de Baião, En arouca hũa casa faria; republished as chapter 1471, in Angelo Colocci, compiler, Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional, c. 1526:
      En arouca hũa casa faria
      Atantei grã sabor dea fazer
      Que ia mays custa nõ recearia
      Nen ar daria rẽ por meu auer
      Ca ey pedreyꝛos e pedra e cal
      E desta casa nõ mi mĩgua al
      Senõ madeyra noua q̃ queria
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Descendants

Etymology 2

Pronoun

cal

  1. alternative form of qual
Descendants

References

  • Manuel Ferreiro (20142025) “cal”, in Universo Cantigas. Edición crítica da poesía medieval galego-portuguesa (in Galician), A Coruña: University of A Coruña, →ISSN

Pipil

Etymology

From Proto-Uto-Aztecan *kaliR. Compare Classical Nahuatl calli (house).

Pronunciation

Noun

cal (plural cahcal)

  1. an enclosed habitational space, a house or room
    Ne nocompa nemi tic oni toltic cal
    My friend lives in that yellow house

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈt͡sal/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -al
  • Syllabification: cal

Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Zoll.

Noun

cal m inan

  1. inch (English unit of length equal to 1/12 of a foot or 2.54 cm, conceived as roughly the width of a thumb)
Declension

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

cal

  1. second-person singular imperative of calić

Further reading

  • cal in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • cal in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Portuguese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pt

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cal, from Vulgar Latin cals, from Latin calx, from Ancient Greek χάλιξ (khálix, pebble).

Pronunciation

 

  • Rhymes: (Portugal) -al, (Brazil) -aw
  • Hyphenation: cal

Noun

cal f or (nonstandard) m (usually uncountable, plural cales or cais)

  1. lime (calcium oxide)

Usage notes

Although common, the usage of cal as a masculine-gender noun is proscribed.

Romanian

Etymology

Inherited from Late Latin caballus (horse), from Latin caballus (pack horse), probably of Gaulish origin or from something further east, such as a Scythian and ultimately Proto-Iranian origin. The Romanian word likely went through an earlier hypothetical form *căal or *caual. Compare Aromanian cal.

Pronunciation

Noun

cal m (plural cai)

  1. horse
  2. (chess) knight

Declension

Declension of cal
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative cal calul cai caii
genitive-dative cal calului cai cailor
vocative calule cailor

See also

Chess pieces in Romanian · piese de șah (layout · text)
♚ ♛ ♜ ♝ ♞ ♟
rege regină, damă tură, turn nebun cal pion

References

Spanish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Inherited from Vulgar Latin cals, from Latin calx (via the nominative), from Ancient Greek χάλιξ (khálix, pebble).

Noun

cal f (uncountable)

  1. lime (calcium oxide)
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Symbol

cal

  1. Symbol of caloría

Further reading

Volapük

Noun

cal (nominative plural cals)

  1. occupation
  2. office (position)
  3. profession

Declension

Declension of cal
singular plural
nominative cal cals
genitive cala calas
dative cale cales
accusative cali calis
vocative 1 o cal! o cals!
predicative 2 calu calus

1 status as a case is disputed
2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

Derived terms

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *kalɣ, from Proto-Celtic *kalgā. Cognate with Cornish kal, kalgh; Breton kalc'h.

Pronunciation

Noun

cal f

  1. alternative form of cala (penis)

Derived terms

Mutation

Mutated forms of cal
radical soft nasal aspirate
cal gal nghal chal

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.