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caoin. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
caoin, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
caoin in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
caoin you have here. The definition of the word
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Irish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old Irish caín.
Adjective
caoin (genitive singular masculine caoin, genitive singular feminine caoine, plural caoine, comparative caoine)
- smooth, delicate, polished
- kind, gentle, refined
Declension
¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Etymology 2
From Middle Irish caín (“smooth finished side; especially the outer surface of a wall, etc.”), a substantivization of caín (“fine, beautiful”).
Noun
caoin f (genitive singular caoine)
- smooth surface
Declension
Etymology 3
From Middle Irish caínid, from Old Irish coínid, from Brythonic (compare Welsh cwyn (“lament”)).
Verb
caoin (present analytic caoineann, future analytic caoinfidh, verbal noun caoineadh, past participle caointe)
- (transitive, intransitive) keen, lament
- (transitive, intransitive) cry, weep
Conjugation
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singular
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plural
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relative
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autonomous
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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indicative
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present
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caoinim
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caoineann tú; caoinir†
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caoineann sé, sí
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caoinimid
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caoineann sibh
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caoineann siad; caoinid†
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a chaoineann; a chaoineas / a gcaoineann*; a gcaoineas*
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caointear
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past
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chaoin mé; chaoineas
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chaoin tú; chaoinis
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chaoin sé, sí
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chaoineamar; chaoin muid
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chaoin sibh; chaoineabhair
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chaoin siad; chaoineadar
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a chaoin / ar chaoin*
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caoineadh
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past habitual
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chaoininn / gcaoininn‡‡
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chaointeá / gcaointeᇇ
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chaoineadh sé, sí / gcaoineadh sé, s퇇
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chaoinimis; chaoineadh muid / gcaoinimis‡‡; gcaoineadh muid‡‡
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chaoineadh sibh / gcaoineadh sibh‡‡
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chaoinidís; chaoineadh siad / gcaoinidís‡‡; gcaoineadh siad‡‡
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a chaoineadh / a gcaoineadh*
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chaointí / gcaoint퇇
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future
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caoinfidh mé; caoinfead
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caoinfidh tú; caoinfir†
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caoinfidh sé, sí
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caoinfimid; caoinfidh muid
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caoinfidh sibh
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caoinfidh siad; caoinfid†
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a chaoinfidh; a chaoinfeas / a gcaoinfidh*; a gcaoinfeas*
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caoinfear
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conditional
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chaoinfinn / gcaoinfinn‡‡
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chaoinfeá / gcaoinfeᇇ
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chaoinfeadh sé, sí / gcaoinfeadh sé, s퇇
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chaoinfimis; chaoinfeadh muid / gcaoinfimis‡‡; gcaoinfeadh muid‡‡
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chaoinfeadh sibh / gcaoinfeadh sibh‡‡
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chaoinfidís; chaoinfeadh siad / gcaoinfidís‡‡; gcaoinfeadh siad‡‡
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a chaoinfeadh / a gcaoinfeadh*
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chaoinfí / gcaoinf퇇
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subjunctive
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present
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go gcaoine mé; go gcaoinead†
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go gcaoine tú; go gcaoinir†
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go gcaoine sé, sí
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go gcaoinimid; go gcaoine muid
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go gcaoine sibh
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go gcaoine siad; go gcaoinid†
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—
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go gcaointear
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past
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dá gcaoininn
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dá gcaointeá
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dá gcaoineadh sé, sí
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dá gcaoinimis; dá gcaoineadh muid
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dá gcaoineadh sibh
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dá gcaoinidís; dá gcaoineadh siad
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—
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dá gcaointí
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imperative
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caoinim
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caoin
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caoineadh sé, sí
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caoinimis
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caoinigí; caoinidh†
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caoinidís
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—
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caointear
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verbal noun
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caoineadh
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past participle
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caointe
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* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Descendants
Mutation
Irish mutation
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Radical
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Lenition
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Eclipsis
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caoin
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chaoin
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gcaoin
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Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “caoin”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 caín”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 caín”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “caínid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “caoin”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
- “caoin”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
- Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 55
Scottish Gaelic
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle Irish caínid, from Old Irish coínid, from Brythonic (compare Welsh cwyn (“lament”)).
Verb
caoin (past chaoin, future caoinidh, verbal noun caoineadh, past participle caointe)
- mourn, lament, grieve
- Synonym: caoidh
- cry, weep
- Synonym: guil
Etymology 2
From Middle Irish caín (“smooth finished side; especially the outer surface of a wall, etc.”), a substantivization of caín (“fine, beautiful”).
Noun
caoin f (genitive singular caoine, no plural)
- exterior, outer side (of garment)
- Antonym: ascaoin
Derived terms
Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation
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Radical
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Lenition
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caoin |
chaoin
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Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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References
- Edward Dwelly (1911) “caoin”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 caín”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “caínid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language