capall
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Capall
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish capall,[1] related to Welsh ceffyl and Latin caballus.
Pronunciation
Noun
capall m (genitive singular capaill, nominative plural capaill)
- horse (large hoofed animal)
- Synonym: each
- (Ulster) mare
- Synonym: láir
- (genitive singular as attributive adjective) large, coarse (species of something)
Declension
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- Alternative plural: caiple (Cois Fharraige)
Hyponyms
Derived terms
- ar chapall (“on horseback”, adverb)
- ar muin capaill (“on horseback”, adverb)
- athchapall m (“remount”)
- beach chapaill f (“wasp”)
- beithíoch capaill (“horse”)
- buaic capaill (“crest of horse”)
- capaill bhána m pl (“white horses, crested waves”)
- capaillín m (“pony”)
- capall ardfhola m (“thorough-bred horse”)
- capall ardualaigh m (“pack-horse”)
- capall cogaidh m (“charger”)
- capall coille m (“capercaillie”)
- capall cóiste m (“coach-horse”)
- capall diallaite m (“saddle-horse”)
- capall fiaigh m (“hunter”)
- capall folaíochta m (“thoroughbred horse”)
- capall luascáin m (“rocking-horse”)
- capall maide m (“hobby-horse”)
- capall marcaíochta m (“hackney”)
- capall marclaigh m (“pack-horse”)
- capall rása m (“racehorse”)
- capall sáiteach m (“borer”)
- capall sealaíochta m (“relay horse”)
- capall seilge m (“hunter”)
- capall tarlaithe m (“draught-horse”)
- capall tarraingthe m (“draught-horse”)
- capall ualaigh m (“pack-horse”)
- capallach (“equine”, adjective)
- cíor chapaill f (“curry-comb”)
- cnó capaill m (“horse-chestnut”)
- coiléar capaill m (“horse-collar”)
- coirb capaill (“withers”)
- cruimh chapaill f (“grub of tiger moth”)
- eireaball capaill (“horsetail”)
- faocha chapaill f (“whelk”)
- féar capaill m (“cat’s-tail grass”)
- feoil chapaill f (“horsemeat”)
- fia-chapall m (“wild horse”)
- gearrchapall m (“pony”)
- giolla capaill m (“horse-boy”)
- leathchapall m (“medium-sized horse, cob”)
- pana capaill (“horse-cloth, housing”)
- péist chapaill f (“large caterpillar”)
- rás capall (“horse race”)
- rásaíocht chapall f (“horse-racing”)
- scothchapall m (“medium-sized horse”)
- seamair chapaill f (“red clover”)
- seangán capaill m (“black ant”)
- sos capall (“relay of horses”)
Mutation
| radical | lenition | eclipsis |
|---|---|---|
| capall | chapall | gcapall |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “capall”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 361, page 123
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “capall”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “capall”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
- “capall”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2025
Old Irish
Etymology
Uncertain. The Old Irish /p/ and the /f/ in Welsh ceffyl suggest an earlier *pp, making it impossible to be directly related to Gaulish Caballo-, which occurs in proper nouns. A common source of the Irish and Welsh words could be a hypothetical Vulgar Latin *cappillus, some kind of contamination of caballus (“horse”) and capellus (“small goat”). Latin caballus is assumed to be a borrowing from Gaulish. This might in turn be a Wanderwort originating in Asia, compare Ancient Greek καβάλλης (kabállēs, “a nag”).[1][2]
Pronunciation
Noun
capall m (genitive capaill, nominative plural capaill)
Inflection
| Masculine o-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | capall | capallL | capaillL |
| Vocative | capaill | capallL | caipliuH |
| Accusative | capallN | capallL | caipliuH |
| Genitive | capaillL | capall | capallN |
| Dative | capullL | caiplib | caiplib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Descendants
Mutation
| radical | lenition | nasalization |
|---|---|---|
| capall | chapall | capall pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
- ^ Vendryes, Joseph (1987) Lexique Étymologique de l'Irlandais Ancien [Etymological lexicon of Old Irish] (in French), volume C, Dublin, Paris: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, pages C-33-34
- ^ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, page 567; reprinted 2017
Further reading
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “capall”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish capall (“horse”), related to Welsh ceffyl and Latin caballus.
Pronunciation
Noun
capall m (genitive singular capaill, plural capaill)
Usage notes
- Even when meaning "mare", retains masculine gender.
Derived terms
- capall-aibhne (“hippopotamus”)
- capall-coille (“capercaillie”)
- capall-lìn (“flax beater”)
- capall-mara (“seahorse”)
- capall-uallaich (“packhorse”)
Mutation
| radical | lenition |
|---|---|
| capall | chapall |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
- Edward Dwelly (1911) “capall”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “capall”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language