carbon
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English
| Chemical element | |
|---|---|
| C | |
| Previous: boron (B) | |
| Next: nitrogen (N) | |
Alternative forms
Etymology
Borrowed from French carbone, coined by Antoine Lavoisier, from Latin carbō, carbōnem (“charcoal, coal”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kerh₃- (“to burn”).
Pronunciation
- (General American) enPR: kärʹbən, IPA(key): /ˈkɑɹ.bən/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈkɑːbən/
Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)bən
Noun
carbon (countable and uncountable, plural carbons)
- (uncountable) The chemical element (symbol C) with an atomic number of 6. It can be found in pure form for example as graphite, a black, shiny and very soft material, or diamond, a colourless, transparent, crystalline solid and the hardest known material.
- 2006, Michael Pollan, The Omnivore's Dilemma, The Penguin Press, →ISBN, page 20:
- Carbon is the most common element in our bodies—indeed, in all living things on earth.
- (countable) An atom of this element, in reference to a molecule containing it.
- A methane molecule is made up of a single carbon with four hydrogens.
- (countable, informal) A sheet of carbon paper.
- 1939, Raymond Chandler, The Big Sleep, Penguin, published 2011, page 51:
- He stepped back and opened his bag and took out a printed pad of D.O.A. forms and began to write over a carbon.
- (countable, informal) A carbon copy.
- A fossil fuel that is made of impure carbon such as coal or charcoal.
- (ecology, uncountable) carbon dioxide, in the context of climate change.
- 2014 April 25, Martin Lukacs, “Canada becoming launch-pad of a global tar sands and oil shale frenzy”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 190, number 20, page 13:
- If Alberta’s reserves are a carbon bomb, this global expansion of tar sands and oil shale exploitation amounts to an escalating emissions arms race, the unlocking of a subterranean cache of weapons of mass ecological destruction.
- A carbon rod or pencil used in an arc lamp.
- 1892, English Mechanic and World of Science, page 444:
- To trim an arc lamp, first remove the old carbons and carefully and thoroughly wipe the carbon rods, holders, &c. with a clean, dry rag.
- A plate or piece of carbon used as one of the elements of a voltaic battery.
- (informal) Ellipsis of carbon fiber (reinforced polymer).
- carbon bike frame
Hyponyms
Hyponyms of carbon
Derived terms
- anticarbon
- benzyloxycarbonyl
- biocarbon
- carbapenem
- carbazotic acid
- carb-, carbo-
- carbinol
- carbinyl
- carbogen
- Carboloy
- carbonæmia
- carbon anhydride
- carbon arc
- carbonate
- carbonation
- carbon audit
- carbon-based
- carbon bisulfide, carbon bisulphide
- carbon black
- carbon budget
- carbon burning
- carbon capture
- carbon-carbon bond
- carbon chauvinism
- carbon chauvinist
- carbon chloride
- carbon-copy
- carbon copy
- carbon cost
- Carbon County
- carbon credit
- carbon cycle
- carbon-date
- carbon dating
- carbon debt
- carbon detonation
- carbon dioxid
- carbon dioxide
- carbon dioxide-equivalent
- carbon dioxide equivalent
- carbon dioxide snow
- carbon diselenide
- carbon disulfide, carbon disulphide
- carbon emissions trading
- carbon-ferrous
- carbon fiber, carbon fibre
- carbon fixation
- carbon footprint
- carbon-free
- carbon group
- carbonian
- carbonic
- carbonide
- carbonific
- carbonification
- carbon inset
- carbon insetting
- carbon-intensive
- carbonise, carbonize
- carbonite
- carbonization
- carbon leakage
- carbonless
- carbonlike
- carbon literacy
- carbon market
- carbon microphone
- carbon monofluoride
- carbon monoxide
- carbon nanofiber
- carbon nanofibre
- carbon nanofoam
- carbon nanotube
- carbon negative
- carbon-neutral
- carbon neutrality
- carbon-nitrogen cycle
- carbon-nitrogen-oxygen cycle
- carbon number
- carbon offset
- carbon offsetting
- carbonometer
- carbonosome
- carbonous
- carbon oxide
- carbon oxychloride
- carbon oxysulfide, carbon oxysulphide
- carbon paper
- carbon planet
- carbon print
- carbon printing
- carbon process
- carbon resistor
- carbon sequestering
- carbon sequestration
- carbon sink
- carbon star
- carbon steel
- carbon subnitride
- carbon suboxide
- carbon tablet
- carbon tax
- carbon tet
- carbon tetrabromide
- carbon tetrachloride
- carbon tetrafluoride
- carbon tetraiodide
- carbon trade
- carbon trading
- carbon transmitter
- carbonyl
- carborexia
- carborundum
- Carborundum
- carboxide
- carboxyl
- carburet
- chromo-carbon
- cyanocarbon
- dicarbon
- halon
- hydrobromofluorocarbon
- intercarbon
- monocarbon
- multi-carbon
- nanocarbon
- nitrocarbol
- nitrocarbon
- noncarbon
- organocarbon
- oxocarbon
- perfluorocarbon
- petrocarbon
- polycarbon
- pyrocarbon
- sulfide of carbon, sulphide of carbon
- tetracarbon
- thiocarbon
- zinc-carbon battery
Related terms
Descendants
Translations
chemical element
|
atom of this element
|
informal: a sheet of carbon paper
|
informal: carbon copy
|
fossil fuel made of impure carbon
|
ecology: carbon dioxide
|
carbon used as element in voltaic battery
informal: carbon fiber — see also carbon fiber
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
Verb
carbon (third-person singular simple present carbons, present participle carboning, simple past and past participle carboned)
- (Internet, transitive, uncommon) To cause (someone) to receive a carbon copy of an email message.
See also
carbon related terms
Further reading
carbon on Wikipedia.Wikipedia - Carbon on the British Royal Society of Chemistry's online periodic table
Anagrams
Danish
Alternative forms
- karbon (rare, but now official)
Pronunciation
Noun
carbon n (singular definite carbonet, not used in plural form)
Usage notes
While kul (“coal”) is never used to refer to the element of carbon, it may sometimes replace it in names of derivations, such as kuldioxid/carbondioxid, kulsyre, kulilte/carbonmonoxid.
Declension
Declension of carbon
| neuter gender |
Singular | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | carbon | carbonet |
| genitive | carbons | carbonets |
Further reading
Dutch
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Probably borrowed from French carbone, ultimately from Latin carbō. The sense “fibre-reinforced polymer” derived from English carbon.
Noun
carbon n (uncountable, diminutive carbonnetje n)
Etymology 2
From carbonpapier.
Noun
carbon n (uncountable, diminutive carbonnetje n)
Romanian
| Chemical element | |
|---|---|
| C | |
| Previous: bor (B) | |
| Next: azot (N) | |
Etymology
Borrowed from French carbone, coined by Lavoisier, from Latin carbō, carbōnem (“charcoal, coal”), from Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to burn”). Doublet of cărbune.
Pronunciation
Noun
carbon n (uncountable)
- carbon (chemical element)
Declension
| singular only | indefinite | definite |
|---|---|---|
| nominative-accusative | carbon | carbonul |
| genitive-dative | carbon | carbonului |
| vocative | carbonule | |
Further reading
- carbon in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
Scottish Gaelic
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Latin carbō, carbōnem.
Noun
carbon m (genitive singular carboin, no plural)
Derived terms
Mutation
| radical | lenition |
|---|---|
| carbon | charbon |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Welsh
Etymology
| Chemical element | |
|---|---|
| C | |
| Previous: boron (B) | |
| Next: nitrogen (N) | |
Borrowed from English carbon, from French carbone from Latin carbō, carbōnem (“charcoal, coal”), from Proto-Indo-European *kerh₃- (“to burn”).
Pronunciation
Noun
carbon m (plural carbonau)
Derived terms
- bond carbon-hydrogen (“carbon-hydrogen bond”)
- cadwyn carbonau (“carbon chain”)
- canran cynnwys carbon (“percentage carbon content”)
- carbon canolig (“medium carbon”)
- carbon cyfunol (“combined carbon”)
- carbon deuocsid (“carbon dioxide”)
- carbon deusylffid (“carbon disulfide”)
- carbon isel (“low carbon”)
- carbon monocsid (“carbon monoxide”)
- carbon niwtral (“carbon neutral”)
- carbon rhydd (“free carbon”)
- carbon tetraclorid (“carbon tetrachloride”)
- carbonad (“carbonate”)
- carbonaidd (“carbonic, carbonaceous”)
- carbonig (“carbonic”)
- copi carbon (“carbon copy”)
- cylchred garbon (“carbon cycle”)
- dal a storio carbon (“carbon capture and storage, carbon sequestration”)
- dal carbon (“carbon capture”)
- dur carbon (“steel capture”)
- dyddio carbon (“carbon dating”)
- nanodiwb carbon (“carbon nanotube”)
- ôl troed carboneg (“carbon footprint”)
- papur carbon (“carbon paper”)
- raced garbon (“carbon racket”)
Mutation
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
|---|---|---|---|
| carbon | garbon | ngharbon | charbon |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “carbon”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies