carbunculus

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Latin

Etymology

From carbō (“coal, charcoal”) +‎ -culus (diminutive nominal suffix).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /karˈbun.ku.lus/,
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /karˈbun.ku.lus/,

Noun

carbunculus m (genitive carbunculī); second declension

diminutive of carbō: small coal
1. (figurative) burning or devouring sorrow
(metonymically)
1. kind of sandstone, red toph-stone
2. reddish, bright kind of precious stone, probably comprising the ruby, carbuncle, hyacinth, garnet
3. A disease:
  1. (pathology) kind of tumor, carbuncle
  2. (phytopathology) disease caused by hoar-frost

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Inflection

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	carbunculus	carbunculī
genitive	carbunculī	carbunculōrum
dative	carbunculō	carbunculīs
accusative	carbunculum	carbunculōs
ablative	carbunculō	carbunculīs
vocative	carbuncule	carbunculī

Descendants

→ French: carboucle, carboncle
→ Galician: caruncho (semi-learned); → cabúnculo
→ Italian: carbonchio, carbuncolo
Old Catalan: carbonclo, carblonco, corblonco, carvoncle
→ Old Northern French: charbuncle
- → English: carbuncle
→ Portuguese: carbúnculo
→ Russian: карбу́нкул (karbúnkul)
→ Spanish: carbunclo, carbúnculo

References

“carbunculus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“carbunculus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
carbunculus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
carbunculus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

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