carcinoma

English

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin carcinōma (“tumour; ulcer; carcinoma”), from Ancient Greek κᾰρκῐ́νωμᾰ (karkínōma, “sore, ulcer; cancer”), from καρκινοῦν (karkinoûn, “to make (something) resemble a crab”), καρκινοῦσθαι (karkinoûsthai, “to become cancerous; to suffer from cancer”, passive) + -μᾰ (-ma, suffix attached to verbs to form neuter nouns denoting the effect or result of an action, a particular instance of an action, or the object of an action). Καρκινοῦν (Karkinoûn) is derived from καρκῐ́νος (karkínos, “crab; the zodiac sign Cancer; sore, ulcer; cancer”) (according to Paul of Aegina (c. 625 – c. 690) in his Medical Compendium in Seven Books, because the veins surrounding a cancerous tumour resemble a crab’s legs), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to bend; to turn”) (as a crab’s pincers form a circle) + *-iHnos (suffix forming adjectives of materials). The English word is a doublet of cancer, and may be analysed as carcino- +‎ -oma.

The plural form carcinomata is a learned borrowing from Latin carcinōmata, from Ancient Greek κᾰρκῐνώμᾰτᾰ (karkinṓmata).

Pronunciation

• Singular:
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˌkɑːsɪˈnəʊmə/, /ˌkɑːsnˈəʊmə/

  • Audio (Southern England)

    (file)

  • (General American) IPA^(key): /ˌkɑɹsɪˈnoʊmə/, /-sə-/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

  • Rhymes: -əʊmə
  • Hyphenation: car‧ci‧no‧ma
• Plural (carcinomata):
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˌkɑːsɪˈnəʊmətə/, /ˌkɑːsnˈəʊmətə/
  • (General American) IPA^(key): /ˌkɑɹsɪˈnoʊmətə/, /-sə-/,
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˌkɑːsɪnəʊˈmɑːtə/, /ˌkɑːsnəʊˈmɑːtə/
  • (General American) IPA^(key): /ˌkɑɹsɪnoʊˈmɑtə/, /-sə-/,
  • Hyphenation: car‧ci‧no‧ma‧ta

Noun

carcinoma (countable and uncountable, plural carcinomas or carcinomata) (oncology)

1. (countable) An invasive malignant tumour derived from epithelial tissue that tends to metastasize to other areas of the body.
2. (obsolete, countable) A form of cancer; (uncountable) cancer in general as a disease.
   • 1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “ Of Peares, and the Properties Observed in Them. Of Tame Figge Trees, and Their Figges. Of the Wild Figge Tree. Of Erineus, and Other Plants, with the Medicines which They Affourd..”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. , 2nd tome, London: Adam Islip, published 1635, →OCLC, page 167:

     Take the fatteſt and fulleſt Figs you can get, lay them upon the ugly and ill favored tumor called Carcinoma, i. the Canker, ſo it be not yet exulcerat, I aſſure you it is a ſoveraine remedie, and hardly can be matched againe: […]

Hypernyms

• cancer
• malignancy

Hyponyms

• adenocarcinoma
• lymphoma

Coordinate terms

• sarcoma

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

See also

• basalioma
• encephaloma (dated)
• fibroepithelioma
• melanoma

References

Further reading

• carcinoma on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• macaronic, maccaroni

Catalan

Noun

carcinoma m (plural carcinomes)

1. (oncology) carcinoma

Further reading

• “carcinoma” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Interlingua

Noun

carcinoma (plural carcinomas)

1. carcinoma

Italian

Italian Wikipedia has an article on:

carcinoma

Wikipedia ^it

Etymology

From Latin carcĭnōma (“a cancerous ulcer”), from Ancient Greek καρκίνωμα (karkínōma).

Noun

carcinoma m (plural carcinomi)

1. (oncology) carcinoma

Derived terms

• adenocarcinoma
• epatocarcinoma

Anagrams

• monacarci

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek καρκίνωμα (karkínōma).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /kar.kiˈnoː.ma/,
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /kar.t͡ʃiˈno.ma/,

Noun

carcinōma n (genitive carcinōmatis); third declension

1. carcinoma

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

Descendants

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: car‧ci‧no‧ma

Noun

carcinoma m (plural carcinomas)

1. (oncology) carcinoma (type of malignant tumour)

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin carcinōma, from Ancient Greek καρκίνωμα (karkínōma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /kaɾθiˈnoma/
• IPA^(key): (Latin America) /kaɾsiˈnoma/
• Rhymes: -oma
• Syllabification: car‧ci‧no‧ma

Noun

carcinoma m (plural carcinomas)

1. (oncology) carcinoma (type of malignant tumour)

Related terms

Further reading

• “carcinoma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014