carina

Borrowed from Latin carīna (“keel”). Doublet of careen and carene.

• Rhymes: -iːnə
• Rhymes: -aɪnə

carina (plural carinas or carinae)

1. A longitudinal ridge or projection like the keel of a boat.
2. (botany) Part of a papilionaceous flower consisting of two petals, commonly united, which encloses the organs of fructification.
3. (zoology) The keel of the breastbone of birds.
4. (anatomy) Any of several features that have a projecting central ridge

• Ancira, Arican, Carian, Ciaran, acinar, arnica, crania, narica

carina f

1. definite nominative singular of carinë

• IPA^(key): /kaˈri.na/^[1]
• Rhymes: -ina
• Hyphenation: ca‧rì‧na

carina

1. feminine singular of carino

• aracni, aranci, arcani, arnica, carnai, inarca

Cognate with Welsh ceri (“stone of a fruit”) and Ancient Greek κάρυον (káruon, “nut”). The earliest attested meaning is "ship's keel", though whether the original meaning was "keel" or "walnut shell" is unclear.

The further origin is disputed:^[1]

• Borrowed from a European substrate, whence also the Welsh and Greek terms. Alternatively, borrowed from Greek, itself borrowed from said substrate.
• From a Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“hard”), and compared further to cancer (“crab”).
• From Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“head, top”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /kaˈriː.na/,
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /kaˈri.na/,

carīna f (genitive carīnae); first declension

1. keel or hull of a ship
2. (figuratively) ship
3. half of a walnut shell

First-declension noun.

• Carīnae
• cornu

• → English: carina
• → Greek: καρίνα (karína)
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *carēna
  • Catalan: carena
  • Galician: carena
  • Ligurian: carena
    • → French: carène
      • → English: careen
    • → Italian: carena
  • Spanish: carena
  • Welsh: cerwyn

• “carina”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “carina”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• carina in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• carina in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “carina”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “carina”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

From car +‎ -ina, because customs was originally paid to the emperor.

• IPA^(key): /t͡sârina/
• Hyphenation: ca‧ri‧na

This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

cȁrina f (Cyrillic spelling ца̏рина)

1. customs

• “carina”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Ultimately borrowed from Latin carīna (“keel”).

• IPA^(key):

carina f

1. (zoology) The keel of the breastbone of birds.

• “carina”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024