celer

Czech

Etymology

Borrowed from German Sellerie.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

celer m inan

1. celery

Declension

Further reading

• celer in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• celer in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
• celer in Internetová jazyková příručka

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French, from Latin cēlāre (“hide, conceal”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sə.le/

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

celer

1. (transitive, literary) to conceal, hide

   Synonym: cacher

   • 1640, Pierre Corneille, Horace, act I, scene I:

     Elle vous aime assez pour ne vous rien celer

     She likes you enough that she will conceal nothing from you

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like parler, except the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-, as in the third-person singular present indicative il cèle and the third-person singular future indicative il cèlera.

Further reading

• “celer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé , 2012.

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kel- (“to drive”). Probably cognate with Ancient Greek κέλλω (kéllō), Ancient Greek κέλης (kélēs).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈke.ler/,
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃe.ler/,

Adjective

celer (feminine celeris, neuter celere, comparative celerior, superlative celerrimus, adverb celeriter); third-declension three-termination adjective

1. fast, swift, quick, speedy, fleet

   Synonyms: rapidus, vēlōx, levis, properus, prōmptus, facilis

   Antonyms: lentus, tardus, sērus

Usage notes

According to Döderlein, celer and citus mean "swift, fast, quick" in terms of quick motion (in general) with tardus as their antonym. More specifically, citus refers to a lively motion, whereas celer refers to an eager or impetuous motion.

On the other hand, vēlōx and pernīx as "quick" denote a level of athletic nimbleness in terms of bodily activity, with lentus as their antonym. More specifically, pernīx involves a level of dexterity and quickness in an eclectic range of actions (such as climbing, hurdling, jumping, vaulting, etc.); whereas vēlōx is especially used for running, swimming and flying (moving in a direction)

Thirdly, properus and festīnus as "quick" refer specifically to one's speed in terms of the shortest time to reach a destination, with sēgnis as their antonym. More specifically, festīnus intimates a certain level of impatience, whereas properus simply indicates a haste from energy simply.

Declension

Third-declension three-termination adjective.

Derived terms

Related terms

• celōx

Descendants

References

• “celer”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “celer”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• celer in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “celer”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “celer”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray

Middle French

Verb

celer

1. to hide

Conjugation

• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Descendants

• French: celer

Old French

Etymology

From Latin cēlāre, present active infinitive of cēlō (“hide, conceal”).

Verb

celer

1. to conceal
   • c. 1170, Chrétien de Troyes, Érec et Énide:

     Mes dites moi, nel me celez

     But tell me, do not hide it from me

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-oils, *-oilt are modified to ouz, out. This verb has a stressed present stem çoil distinct from the unstressed stem cel. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡sêler/
• Hyphenation: ce‧ler

Noun

cȅler m (Cyrillic spelling це̏лер)

1. celery

Declension