cerebellum
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English
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin cerebellum, diminutive of cerebrum.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˌsɛ.ɹɪˈbɛl.əm/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˌsɛɹ.əˈbɛl.əm/
- Rhymes: -ɛləm
Noun
cerebellum (plural cerebellums or cerebella)
- (neuroanatomy) Part of the hindbrain in vertebrates. In humans it lies between the brainstem and the back of the cerebrum and is formed of two lateral lobes and a median lobe. It plays an important role in sensory perception, motor output, balance and posture.
- Synonym: parencephalon
- Holonym: hindbrain
- 2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan, page 61:
- Although the cerebellum occupies just 10 per cent of the cranial cavity, it has more than half the brain’s neurons.
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
part of the hindbrain in vertebrates
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References
- “cerebellum”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- “cerebellum”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
Latin
Etymology
From cerebrum (“brain”) + -lum (diminutive ending).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ke.reˈbel.lum/,
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /t͡ʃe.reˈbel.lum/,
Noun
cerebellum n (genitive cerebellī); second declension
Inflection
Second-declension noun (neuter).
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | cerebellum | cerebella |
| Genitive | cerebellī | cerebellōrum |
| Dative | cerebellō | cerebellīs |
| Accusative | cerebellum | cerebella |
| Ablative | cerebellō | cerebellīs |
| Vocative | cerebellum | cerebella |
Derived terms
Descendants
- Balkan Romance:
- Dalmatian:
- Italo-Romance:
- North Italian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Occitano-Romance:
- Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: cherbeddu, cherveddu; cerveddu, cerbeddu (Campidanese)
- Borrowings:
- → Asturian: cerebelu
- → Catalan: cerebel
- → English: cerebellum
- → Galician: cerebelo
- → Greek: τσερβέλο (tservélo)
- → Italian: cerebello ⇒ cerebellare
- → Portuguese: cerebelo
- → Romanian: cerebel
- → Spanish: cerebelo
References
- “cerebellum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- cerebellum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.