cesser

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English

Etymology

cess +‎ -er

Noun

cesser (plural cessers)

  1. (law) termination or cessation.
  2. (law) A neglect of a tenant to perform services, or make payment, for two years.

Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for “cesser”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.)

Anagrams

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French cesser, from Old French cesser, borrowed from Latin cessāre.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sɛ.se/, /se.se/
  • audio(file)

Verb

cesser

  1. to cease; to stop
    • 1992, Amélie Nothomb, Hygiène de l’assassin (fiction):
      Cessez de blasphémer, vile créature ! Apprenez, ignorante, que saint Prétextat était archevêque de Rouen au VIe siècle, et grand ami de Grégoire de Tours, qui était un homme très bien, dont vous n’avez naturellement jamais entendu parler.
      Stop blaspheming, you vile creature! You’d better learn, ignorant woman, that Saint Praetextatus was Archbishop of Rouen in the 6th century, and a friend of Gregory of Tours, who was a very good man, which you, unsurprisingly, never heard of.
  2. to break up (e.g. a relationship)

Usage notes

  • In formal written French, cesser can be negated solely by the particle ne, without the need for pas.

Conjugation

Conjugation of cesser (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple cesser
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple cessant
/sɛ.sɑ̃/ or /se.sɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle cessé
/sɛ.se/ or /se.se/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present cesse
/sɛs/ 		cesses
/sɛs/ 		cesse
/sɛs/ 		cessons
/sɛ.sɔ̃/ or /se.sɔ̃/ 		cessez
/sɛ.se/ or /se.se/ 		cessent
/sɛs/
imperfect cessais
/sɛ.sɛ/ or /se.sɛ/ 		cessais
/sɛ.sɛ/ or /se.sɛ/ 		cessait
/sɛ.sɛ/ or /se.sɛ/ 		cessions
/sɛ.sjɔ̃/ or /se.sjɔ̃/ 		cessiez
/sɛ.sje/ or /se.sje/ 		cessaient
/sɛ.sɛ/ or /se.sɛ/
past historic2 cessai
/sɛ.se/ or /se.se/ 		cessas
/sɛ.sa/ or /se.sa/ 		cessa
/sɛ.sa/ or /se.sa/ 		cessâmes
/sɛ.sam/ or /se.sam/ 		cessâtes
/sɛ.sat/ or /se.sat/ 		cessèrent
/sɛ.sɛʁ/ or /se.sɛʁ/
future cesserai
/sɛ.sʁe/ or /se.sʁe/ 		cesseras
/sɛ.sʁa/ or /se.sʁa/ 		cessera
/sɛ.sʁa/ or /se.sʁa/ 		cesserons
/sɛ.sʁɔ̃/ or /se.sʁɔ̃/ 		cesserez
/sɛ.sʁe/ or /se.sʁe/ 		cesseront
/sɛ.sʁɔ̃/ or /se.sʁɔ̃/
conditional cesserais
/sɛ.sʁɛ/ or /se.sʁɛ/ 		cesserais
/sɛ.sʁɛ/ or /se.sʁɛ/ 		cesserait
/sɛ.sʁɛ/ or /se.sʁɛ/ 		cesserions
/sɛ.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /se.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		cesseriez
/sɛ.sə.ʁje/ or /se.sə.ʁje/ 		cesseraient
/sɛ.sʁɛ/ or /se.sʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present cesse
/sɛs/ 		cesses
/sɛs/ 		cesse
/sɛs/ 		cessions
/sɛ.sjɔ̃/ or /se.sjɔ̃/ 		cessiez
/sɛ.sje/ or /se.sje/ 		cessent
/sɛs/
imperfect2 cessasse
/sɛ.sas/ or /se.sas/ 		cessasses
/sɛ.sas/ or /se.sas/ 		cessât
/sɛ.sa/ or /se.sa/ 		cessassions
/sɛ.sa.sjɔ̃/ or /se.sa.sjɔ̃/ 		cessassiez
/sɛ.sa.sje/ or /se.sa.sje/ 		cessassent
/sɛ.sas/ or /se.sas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — cesse
/sɛs/ 		— cessons
/sɛ.sɔ̃/ or /se.sɔ̃/ 		cessez
/sɛ.se/ or /se.se/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

Further reading

Latin

Verb

cesser

  1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of cessō

Middle French

Verb

cesser

  1. to cease; to stop

Conjugation

  • Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of cesser
infinitive simple cesser
compound avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2 simple cessant
compound present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle cessé
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ie (i’) tu il, elle nous vous ilz, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present cesse cesses cesse cessons cessez cessent
imperfect cessois, cessoys cessois, cessoys cessoit, cessoyt cessions, cessyons cessiez, cessyez cessoient, cessoyent
past historic cessa cessas cessa cessasmes cessastes cesserent
future cesserai, cesseray cesseras cessera cesserons cesserez cesseront
conditional cesserois, cesseroys cesserois, cesseroys cesseroit, cesseroyt cesserions, cesseryons cesseriez, cesseryez cesseroient, cesseroyent
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que ie (i’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present cesse cesses cesse cessons cessez cessent
imperfect cessasse cessasses cessast cessassions cessassiez cessassent
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — cesse — cessons cessez —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château , Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château , op. cit., p. 180).

References

  • Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (cesser, supplement)

Old French

Verb

cesser

  1. to cease; to stop

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ss, *-sss, *-sst are modified to s, s, st. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of cesser (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive cesser avoir cessé
gerund en cessant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle cessant
past participle cessé
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses 		present ces cesses cesse cessons cessez cessent
imperfect cessoie, cesseie, cessoe, cesseve cessoies, cesseies, cessoes, cesseves cessoit, cesseit, cessot, cesseve cessiiens, cessiens cessiiez, cessiez cessoient, cesseient, cessoent, cessevent
preterite cessai cessas cessa cessames cessastes cesserent
future cesserai cesseras cessera cesserons cesseroiz, cessereiz, cesserez cesseront
conditional cesseroie, cessereie cesseroies, cessereies cesseroit, cessereit cesseriiens, cesseriens cesseriiez, cesseriez cesseroient, cessereient
compound
tenses 		present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses 		present ces ces cest cessons cessez cessent
imperfect cessasse cessasses cessast cessissons, cessissiens cessissoiz, cessissez, cessissiez cessassent
compound
tenses 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— cesse — cessons cessez —

References

  • Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (cesser, supplement)
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