chakana
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Hand-made stone chakana. 
Chakanas painted on paving-stones in Cusco.
English
Etymology
Noun
chakana (plural chakanas)
- A stepped cross motif, often with a circle in the center, used by the Inca and other Andean cultures.
- Synonym: Andean cross
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
Etymology
From late Old Indo-Aryan *śakana- ~ *chakana-, a colloquial formation from Sanskrit शकन् (śakán), the oblique base of शकृत् (śákṛt, “dung”); see there for further etymology. Cognate with Prakrit 𑀙𑀕𑀡 (chagaṇa).
Noun
chakana n
Declension
Declension table of "chakana" (neuter)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | chakanaṃ | chakanāni |
| Accusative (second) | chakanaṃ | chakanāni |
| Instrumental (third) | chakanena | chakanehi or chakanebhi |
| Dative (fourth) | chakanassa or chakanāya or chakanatthaṃ | chakanānaṃ |
| Ablative (fifth) | chakanasmā or chakanamhā or chakanā | chakanehi or chakanebhi |
| Genitive (sixth) | chakanassa | chakanānaṃ |
| Locative (seventh) | chakanasmiṃ or chakanamhi or chakane | chakanesu |
| Vocative (calling) | chakana | chakanāni |
References
- Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “chakana”, in Pali-English Dictionary, London: Chipstead
Quechua
Alternative forms
Noun
chakana
- cross, especially the Andean cross
Declension
declension of chakana
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | chakana | chakanakuna |
| accusative | chakanata | chakanakunata |
| dative | chakanaman | chakanakunaman |
| genitive | chakanap | chakanakunap |
| locative | chakanapi | chakanakunapi |
| terminative | chakanakama | chakanakunakama |
| ablative | chakanamanta | chakanakunamanta |
| instrumental | chakanawan | chakanakunawan |
| comitative | chakanantin | chakanakunantin |
| abessive | chakanannaq | chakanakunannaq |
| comparative | chakanahina | chakanakunahina |
| causative | chakanarayku | chakanakunarayku |
| benefactive | chakanapaq | chakanakunapaq |
| associative | chakanapura | chakanakunapura |
| distributive | chakananka | chakanakunanka |
| exclusive | chakanalla | chakanakunalla |
possessive forms of chakana
ñuqap - first-person singular
| ñuqap (my) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | chakanay | chakanaykuna |
| accusative | chakanayta | chakanaykunata |
| dative | chakanayman | chakanaykunaman |
| genitive | chakanaypa | chakanaykunap |
| locative | chakanaypi | chakanaykunapi |
| terminative | chakanaykama | chakanaykunakama |
| ablative | chakanaymanta | chakanaykunamanta |
| instrumental | chakanaywan | chakanaykunawan |
| comitative | chakanaynintin | chakanaykunantin |
| abessive | chakanayninnaq | chakanaykunannaq |
| comparative | chakanayhina | chakanaykunahina |
| causative | chakanayrayku | chakanaykunarayku |
| benefactive | chakanaypaq | chakanaykunapaq |
| associative | chakanaypura | chakanaykunapura |
| distributive | chakanayninka | chakanaykunanka |
| exclusive | chakanaylla | chakanaykunalla |
qampa - second-person singular
| qampa (your) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | chakanayki | chakanaykikuna |
| accusative | chakanaykita | chakanaykikunata |
| dative | chakanaykiman | chakanaykikunaman |
| genitive | chakanaykipa | chakanaykikunap |
| locative | chakanaykipi | chakanaykikunapi |
| terminative | chakanaykikama | chakanaykikunakama |
| ablative | chakanaykimanta | chakanaykikunamanta |
| instrumental | chakanaykiwan | chakanaykikunawan |
| comitative | chakanaykintin | chakanaykikunantin |
| abessive | chakanaykinnaq | chakanaykikunannaq |
| comparative | chakanaykihina | chakanaykikunahina |
| causative | chakanaykirayku | chakanaykikunarayku |
| benefactive | chakanaykipaq | chakanaykikunapaq |
| associative | chakanaykipura | chakanaykikunapura |
| distributive | chakanaykinka | chakanaykikunanka |
| exclusive | chakanaykilla | chakanaykikunalla |
paypa - third-person singular
| paypa (his/her/its) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | chakanan | chakanankuna |
| accusative | chakananta | chakanankunata |
| dative | chakananman | chakanankunaman |
| genitive | chakananpa | chakanankunap |
| locative | chakananpi | chakanankunapi |
| terminative | chakanankama | chakanankunakama |
| ablative | chakananmanta | chakanankunamanta |
| instrumental | chakananwan | chakanankunawan |
| comitative | chakananintin | chakanankunantin |
| abessive | chakananninnaq | chakanankunannaq |
| comparative | chakananhina | chakanankunahina |
| causative | chakananrayku | chakanankunarayku |
| benefactive | chakananpaq | chakanankunapaq |
| associative | chakananpura | chakanankunapura |
| distributive | chakananinka | chakanankunanka |
| exclusive | chakananlla | chakanankunalla |
ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural
| ñuqanchikpa (our(incl)) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | chakananchik | chakananchikkuna |
| accusative | chakananchikta | chakananchikkunata |
| dative | chakananchikman | chakananchikkunaman |
| genitive | chakananchikpa | chakananchikkunap |
| locative | chakananchikpi | chakananchikkunapi |
| terminative | chakananchikkama | chakananchikkunakama |
| ablative | chakananchikmanta | chakananchikkunamanta |
| instrumental | chakananchikwan | chakananchikkunawan |
| comitative | chakananchiknintin | chakananchikkunantin |
| abessive | chakananchikninnaq | chakananchikkunannaq |
| comparative | chakananchikhina | chakananchikkunahina |
| causative | chakananchikrayku | chakananchikkunarayku |
| benefactive | chakananchikpaq | chakananchikkunapaq |
| associative | chakananchikpura | chakananchikkunapura |
| distributive | chakananchikninka | chakananchikkunanka |
| exclusive | chakananchiklla | chakananchikkunalla |
ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural
| ñuqaykup (our(excl)) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | chakanayku | chakanaykukuna |
| accusative | chakanaykuta | chakanaykukunata |
| dative | chakanaykuman | chakanaykukunaman |
| genitive | chakanaykupa | chakanaykukunap |
| locative | chakanaykupi | chakanaykukunapi |
| terminative | chakanaykukama | chakanaykukunakama |
| ablative | chakanaykumanta | chakanaykukunamanta |
| instrumental | chakanaykuwan | chakanaykukunawan |
| comitative | chakanaykuntin | chakanaykukunantin |
| abessive | chakanaykunnaq | chakanaykukunannaq |
| comparative | chakanaykuhina | chakanaykukunahina |
| causative | chakanaykurayku | chakanaykukunarayku |
| benefactive | chakanaykupaq | chakanaykukunapaq |
| associative | chakanaykupura | chakanaykukunapura |
| distributive | chakanaykunka | chakanaykukunanka |
| exclusive | chakanaykulla | chakanaykukunalla |
qamkunap - second-person plural
| qamkunap (your(pl)) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | chakanaykichik | chakanaykichikkuna |
| accusative | chakanaykichikta | chakanaykichikkunata |
| dative | chakanaykichikman | chakanaykichikkunaman |
| genitive | chakanaykichikpa | chakanaykichikkunap |
| locative | chakanaykichikpi | chakanaykichikkunapi |
| terminative | chakanaykichikkama | chakanaykichikkunakama |
| ablative | chakanaykichikmanta | chakanaykichikkunamanta |
| instrumental | chakanaykichikwan | chakanaykichikkunawan |
| comitative | chakanaykichiknintin | chakanaykichikkunantin |
| abessive | chakanaykichikninnaq | chakanaykichikkunannaq |
| comparative | chakanaykichikhina | chakanaykichikkunahina |
| causative | chakanaykichikrayku | chakanaykichikkunarayku |
| benefactive | chakanaykichikpaq | chakanaykichikkunapaq |
| associative | chakanaykichikpura | chakanaykichikkunapura |
| distributive | chakanaykichikninka | chakanaykichikkunanka |
| exclusive | chakanaykichiklla | chakanaykichikkunalla |
paykunap - third-person plural
| paykunap (their) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | chakananku | chakanankukuna |
| accusative | chakanankuta | chakanankukunata |
| dative | chakanankuman | chakanankukunaman |
| genitive | chakanankupa | chakanankukunap |
| locative | chakanankupi | chakanankukunapi |
| terminative | chakanankukama | chakanankukunakama |
| ablative | chakanankumanta | chakanankukunamanta |
| instrumental | chakanankuwan | chakanankukunawan |
| comitative | chakanankuntin | chakanankukunantin |
| abessive | chakanankunnaq | chakanankukunannaq |
| comparative | chakanankuhina | chakanankukunahina |
| causative | chakanankurayku | chakanankukunarayku |
| benefactive | chakanankupaq | chakanankukunapaq |
| associative | chakanankupura | chakanankukunapura |
| distributive | chakanankunka | chakanankukunanka |
| exclusive | chakanankulla | chakanankukunalla |