cham

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See also: chám, Cham, ćham, chấm, châm, Châm, chậm, Cham., chām, and chẩm

English

Etymology 1

From French cham, from Turkish han (“lord, prince”) (borrowed into Arabic, Persian, Mongolian etc.).

Pronunciation

Noun

cham (plural chams)

  1. Archaic spelling of khan.
    • c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. The First Part , 2nd edition, part 1, London: Richard Iones, , published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:
      And ſince we haue arriu’d in Scythia,
      Beſides rich preſents from the puiſant Cham,
      UUe haue his highneſſe letters to commaund
      Aide and aſſiſtance if we ſtand in need.
    • 1840, Thomas Fuller, The History of the Holy War:
      But Baiothnoi, chief captain of the Tartarian army (for they were not admitted to speak with the great cham himself), cried quits with this friar, outvying him with the greatness and divinity of their cham; and sent back by them a blunt letter […]
  2. An autocrat or dominant critic, especially Samuel Johnson.
    • 1997, Thomas Pynchon, Mason & Dixon:
      Sitting at a table, drinking Ale, observing the Mist thro’ the Window-Panes, Mason forty-five, the Cham sixty-four.
    • 2007, Michael Dobson, “For his Nose was as sharpe as a Pen”, in London Review of Books, volume 29, number 9, page 3:
      The Tonsons […] would publish Johnson's Shakespeare only by subscription, obliging the Great Cham to sell copies well ahead of publication

Etymology 2

See chap.

Verb

cham (third-person singular simple present chams, present participle chamming, simple past and past participle chammed)

  1. (obsolete) To chew.
    • 1531, William Tyndale, Answer to Sir Thomas More's Dialogue:
      But he that repenteth toward the law of God, and at the sight of the sacrament, or of the breaking, feeling, eating, chamming, or drinking, calleth to remembrance the death of Christ, his body breaking and blood shedding for our sins [...]

Etymology 3

From ch- +‎ am, from ich + am.

Contraction

cham

  1. (West Country, obsolete) I am
Synonyms

References

  • Holloway, William (1840) A General Dictionary of Provincialisms, London: John Russell Smith, page 27

Anagrams

Antillean Creole

Etymology

From French charme.

Noun

cham

  1. potion

French

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Vietnamese Chăm, from Eastern Cham Cam.

Adjective

cham (feminine chame, masculine plural chams, feminine plural chames)

  1. Cham

Noun

cham m (plural chams)

  1. Cham (language)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Turkish han (“khan”).

Noun

cham m (plural chams)

  1. Obsolete form of khan (“khan”).

Further reading

Irish

Pronunciation

Adjective

cham

  1. Lenited form of cam.

Macanese

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Portuguese chão (“ground”), inherited from Latin plānum (“level ground”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /t͡ʃaŋ/, /t͡ʃɐŋ/

Noun

cham (plural cham-cham)

  1. ground
  2. soil
    Fu-fula semea na cham di Hong-Gong ― Flowers picked from the soil of Hong Kong

Middle English

Etymology

See ch-.

Verb

cham

  1. I am

Old Irish

Adjective

cham

  1. Alternative spelling of chamm: lenited form of cam.

Polish

Etymology

From Cham.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /xam/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -am
  • Syllabification: cham
  • Homophone: Cham

Noun

cham m pers (female equivalent chamka or chamica)

  1. (derogatory) bumpkin, yokel (arrogant, ill-manner person; one who is uncultured and uneducated)
    Synonyms: burak, chamidło, chamisko, prostak, prymityw
  2. (archaic, derogatory) countryman, peasant (person of low birth)
    Synonyms: chłop, wieśniak

Declension

Declension of cham
singular plural
nominative cham chami/chamy (deprecative)
genitive chama chamów
dative chamowi chamom
accusative chama chamów
instrumental chamem chamami
locative chamie chamach
vocative chamie chami

Derived terms

adjectives
nouns
verbs

Related terms

adverbs
nouns

Further reading

  • cham in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • cham in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Noun

cham m (plural chans)

  1. Obsolete spelling of chão

Scottish Gaelic

Adjective

cham

  1. Lenited form of cam.

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
cam cham
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Tzotzil

Verb

cham

  1. (intransitive) to die
    Synonyms: chʼay, chʼay ikʼ, laj, olan
    Icham. ― He/she died.
    Mu me jk'an xicham. ― I do not want to die.

References

  1. ^ Laughlin, Robert M. (1977) Of cabagges and kings: tales from Zinacantán. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, p. 269.
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