chop

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

chop

Wikipedia

Pronunciation

• (UK) enPR: chŏp, IPA^(key): /t͡ʃɒp/
• (US) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃɑp/

  • Audio (US)

    (file)

• Hyphenation: chop
• Rhymes: -ɒp

Etymology 1

From Middle English choppen, chappen (“to chop”), of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic. Cognate with Scots chap (“to chop”). Compare Saterland Frisian kappe, kapje (“to hack; chop; lop off”), Dutch kappen (“to chop, cut, hew”), German Low German kappen (“to cut off; clip”), German kappen (“to cut; clip”), German dialectal chapfen, kchapfen (“to chop into small pieces”), Albanian copë (“piece, chunk”), Old English *ċippian (in forċippian (“to cut off”)). Perhaps related to chip.

Noun

chop (plural chops)

2. A cut of meat, often containing a section of a rib.

   I only like lamb chops with mint jelly.

   • 1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 18:

     Of the two fried chops served him for breakfast he ate one and gave Edmund the other, and put a buttered sandwich of bread in his pocket against the accidents of travel.

   • 1957, J. D. Salinger, “Zooey”, in Franny and Zooey, published 1961:

     I was standing at the meat counter, waiting for some rib lamb chops to be cut.

3. A blow with an axe, cleaver, or similar utensil.

   It should take just one good chop to fell the sapling.

4. (martial arts) A blow delivered with the hand rigid and outstretched.

   A karate chop.

5. Ocean waves, generally caused by wind, distinguished from swell by being smaller and not lasting as long.
6. (poker) A hand where two or more players have an equal-valued hand, resulting in the chips being shared equally between them.

   With both players having an ace-high straight, the pot was a chop.

7. (informal, with "the") Termination, especially from employment; the sack.
8. (Australia, New Zealand) A woodchopping competition.
   • 1924 October 6, The Examiner, Launceston, page 2, column 6:

     E, C. McsEnulty, who won the chop at the show on Thursday, cut through a foot lying block in 34 seconds[.]

9. (dated) A crack or cleft; a chap.

Quotations

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:chop.

Synonyms

• (dismissal, especially from employment (informal)): axe, pink slip, sack

Descendants

• → Japanese: チョップ

Translations

Verb

chop (third-person singular simple present chops, present participle chopping, simple past and past participle chopped)

1. (transitive) To cut into pieces with short, vigorous cutting motions.

   chop wood; chop an onion

2. (transitive) To sever with an axe or similar implement.

   Chop off his head.

3. (transitive) to give a downward cutting blow or movement, typically with the side of the hand.
4. (transitive, baseball) To hit the ball downward so that it takes a high bounce.
5. (poker) To divide the pot (or tournament prize) between two or more players. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
6. (intransitive) To make a quick, heavy stroke or a series of strokes, with or as with an ax.
7. (intransitive) To do something suddenly with an unexpected motion; to catch or attempt to seize.
   • 1692, Roger L’Estrange, “ (please specify the fable number.) (please specify the name of the fable.)”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists: , London: R Sare, , →OCLC:

     Out of a Greediness to get both, he Chops at the Shadow, and Loses the Substance.

8. (intransitive) To interrupt; with in or out.
   • 1550, Hugh Latimer, Sermon Preached before King Edward:

     This fellow […] interrupted the sermon, even suddenly chopping in.

9. (transitive, Hong Kong) To stab.
   • 1959 June 8, China Mail, page 10:

     A man had chopped a Sanitary Department coolie to death after an argument about money, Supreme Court was told today.

10. (computing, transitive, Perl) To remove the final character from (a text string).

    Coordinate term: chomp

Translations

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Uncertain, perhaps a variant of chap (“cheap”). Compare Middle English copen (“to buy”), Dutch kopen (“to buy”).

Verb

chop (third-person singular simple present chops, present participle chopping, simple past and past participle chopped)

1. (obsolete) To exchange, to barter; to swap.
   • 1644, John Milton, Areopagitica:

     this is not to put down Prelaty, this is but to chop an Episcopacy; this is but to translate the Palace Metropolitan from one kind of dominion into another, this is but an old canonicall sleight of commuting our penance.

2. To chap or crack.
3. (nautical) To vary or shift suddenly.

   The wind chops about.

4. (obsolete) To twist words.
   • 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Judicature”, in The Essayes , 3rd edition, London: Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:

     Let not the counsel at the bar chop with the judge.

5. To converse, discuss, or speak with another.

Noun

chop (plural chops)

1. A turn of fortune; change; a vicissitude.

Derived terms

• chop and change
• chops and changes

Etymology 3

From Middle English choppe (“jaw, jawbone”), related to Middle English cheppe (“one side of the jaw, chap”).

Alternative forms

• chap

Noun

chop (plural chops)

1. (chiefly in the plural) A jaw of an animal.
2. A movable jaw or cheek, as of a vice.
4. The land at each side of the mouth of a river, harbour, or channel.

   East Chop

   West Chop

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Hindi छाप (chāp, “stamp”). Closely related to the similarly descended Malay word cap, which likely reinforced the English usage within the Malay world.

Noun

chop (plural chops)

2. (colloquial, India, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) A stamp or seal; a mark, imprint or impression on a document (or other object or material) made by stamping or sealing a design with ink or wax, respectively, or by other methods.
3. (colloquial, by extension, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) The device used for stamping or sealing, which also contains the design to be imprinted.
4. A mark indicating nature, quality, or brand.

   silk of the first chop

5. A license or passport that has been sealed.
6. A complete shipment.

   a chop of tea

Descendants

• → Cantonese: chop (cop1)
• → Macanese: chop

Verb

chop (third-person singular simple present chops, present participle chopping, simple past and past participle chopped)

1. (transitive, colloquial, India, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) To stamp or seal (a document); to mark, impress or otherwise place a design or symbol on paper or other material, usually, but not necessarily, to indicate authenticity.
2. To seal a license or passport.

Derived terms

• chop dollar
• grand chop
• not much chop

References

• Lisa Lim (2016 July 28) “Where does the word 'chop' come from?”, in South China Morning Post‎

Etymology 5

Shortening.

Noun

chop (plural chops)

1. (Internet) An IRC channel operator.
   • 1996, Peter Ludlow, High Noon on the Electronic Frontier, page 404:

     IRC supports mechanisms for the enforcement of acceptable behaviour on IRC. Channel operators — "chanops" or "chops" — have access to the /kick command, which throws a specified user out of the given channel.

Synonyms

• chanop
• op

See also

• chop chop
• chop suey

Chinese

Alternative forms

• 戳

Etymology

From English chop.

Pronunciation

Noun

chop

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) chop (stamp; seal) (Classifier: 個／个 c)

   郵chop／邮chop [Cantonese]  ―  jau⁴ cop¹   ―  postal seal

Verb

chop

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to stamp; to seal

Macanese

Alternative forms

• (possibly dated) chope

Etymology

Borrowed from English chop, ultimately from Hindi छाप (chāp, “stamp”). Most likely also influenced by Cantonese chop. Sense 2 derives from the absent professor being recorded with a stamp, i.e. a chop, in a register.

Noun

chop

1. official licence
2. (slang) an absent professor or teacher

   Hoze nôs têm chop di matemática. (“Today our maths prof wasn't here. // 今天我們數學老師沒來。// Hoje o nosso profe de matemática estava ausente.”)

References

• Batalha, Graciete Nogueira (1988) “chope”, in Glossário do dialecto macaense: notas linguísticas, etnográficas e folclóricas [Glossary of the Macanese dialect: linguistic, ethnographic and folkloric notes], Macau: Instituto Cultural de Macau, page 404
• www.macaneselibrary.org‎, 2024 March 6 (last accessed)

Nigerian Pidgin

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

chop

1. eat
2. spend

Silesian

Alternative forms

• chłop (Southern Silesian)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish chłop.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxɔp/
• Rhymes: -ɔp
• Syllabification: chop

Noun

chop m pers

1. man, male
2. husband

   Synonym: mōnż

3. snowman

   Synonym: śniygulŏk

Declension

Further reading

• chop_chlop in dykcjonorz.eu
• chop in silling.org
• Bogdan Kallus (2020) “chop”, in Słownik Gōrnoślōnskij Gŏdki, IV edition, Chorzów: Pro Loquela Silesiana, →ISBN, page 260
• Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “chop”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski‎, page 114
• Barbara Podgórska, Adam Podgóski (2008) “chop”, in Słownik gwar śląskich [A dictionary of Silesian lects], Katowice: Wydawnictwo KOS, →ISBN, page 55