chwalu

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Welsh

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Verb

chwalu (first-person singular present chwalaf, not mutable)

  1. (transitive) to demolish
    Mae rhan o wal wedi'i chwalu gan fandaliaid.
    Part of a wall has been demolished by vandals.
  2. (transitive, intransitive) to shatter
  3. (transitive, intransitive) to crash

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future chwalaf chweli chwala chwalwn chwelwch, chwalwch chwalant chwelir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
conditional 		chwalwn chwalit chwalai chwalem chwalech chwalent chwelid
preterite chwelais chwelaist chwalodd chwalasom chwalasoch chwalasant chwalwyd
pluperfect chwalaswn chwalasit chwalasai chwalasem chwalasech chwalasent chwalasid, chwalesid
present subjunctive chwalwyf chwelych chwalo chwalom chwaloch chwalont chwaler
imperative — chwala chwaled chwalwn chwelwch, chwalwch chwalent chwaler
verbal noun chwalu
verbal adjectives chwaledig
chwaladwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future chwala i, chwalaf i chwali di chwalith o/e/hi, chwaliff e/hi chwalwn ni chwalwch chi chwalan nhw
conditional chwalwn i, chwalswn i chwalet ti, chwalset ti chwalai fo/fe/hi, chwalsai fo/fe/hi chwalen ni, chwalsen ni chwalech chi, chwalsech chi chwalen nhw, chwalsen nhw
preterite chwalais i, chwales i chwalaist ti, chwalest ti chwalodd o/e/hi chwalon ni chwaloch chi chwalon nhw
imperative — chwala — — chwalwch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

Further reading

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “chwalu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
  • Delyth Prys, J.P.M. Jones, Owain Davies, Gruffudd Prys (2006) Y Termiadur: termau wedi'u safoni; standardised terminology‎ (in Welsh), Cardiff: Awdurdod cymwysterau, cwricwlwm ac asesu Cymru (Qualifications curriculum & assessment authority for Wales), →ISBN, page 130
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