chyba

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See also: Chyba

Czech

Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech chyba, from Proto-Slavic *xyba.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

chyba f

  1. fault
  2. mistake, error
    dělat chyby ― to make mistakes
  3. (computing) bug, error

Declension

Declension of chyba (hard feminine)
singular plural
nominative chyba chyby
genitive chyby chyb
dative chybě chybám
accusative chybu chyby
vocative chybo chyby
locative chybě chybách
instrumental chybou chybami

Further reading

  • “chyba”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • “chyba”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • “chyba”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xyba.

Pronunciation

Noun

chyba f

  1. miss (unsuccessful hit)
  2. difference, deviation
  3. error, mistake
  4. (especially after a negative) doubt

Declension

Declension of chyba (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative chyba chybě chyby
genitive chyby chybú chyb
dative chybě chybama chybám
accusative chybu chybě chyby
vocative chybo chybě chyby
locative chybě chybú chybách
instrumental chybú chybama chybami
This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Preposition

chyba

  1. outside, beside, except

Adverb

chyba

  1. around, roughly, about

Interjection

chyba

  1. alas

Descendants

  • Czech: chyba

Further reading

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xyba. First attested in the 16th century.[1][2]

Pronunciation

 
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɘba
  • Syllabification: chy‧ba

Particle

chyba

  1. expresses confidence but not certainty; probably; I think, I guess
  2. (Middle Polish) delimiting particle; only, just, merely
    Synonyms: jedynie, tylko

Usage notes

Combined forms for this word are uncommon and often formed for stylization.

Declension

Combined forms of chyba
singular plural
1st person chybam chybaśmy
2nd person chybaś chybaście
3rd person chyba chyba

Noun

chyba f

  1. (obsolete) error, mistake
    Synonyms: błąd, pomyłka
  2. (obsolete) miss, failure
  3. (Middle Polish) falsehood; trick, deception

Declension

Declension of chyba
singular plural
nominative chyba chyby
genitive chyby chyb
dative chybie chybom
accusative chybę chyby
instrumental chybą chybami
locative chybie chybach
vocative chybo chyby

Preposition

chyba

  1. (Middle Polish) denotes lack; without; except; barring

Derived terms

conjunction
particle
adjective
noun
verbs

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), chyba is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 13 times in scientific texts, 7 times in news, 50 times in essays, 80 times in fiction, and 143 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 293 times, making it the 50th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[3]

References

  1. ^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “chyba”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
  2. ^ Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “chyba”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
  3. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “chyba”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 173

Further reading

  • chyba in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • chyba in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “1. chyba”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “2. chyba”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • “CHYBA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 03.01.2012
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “chyba”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “chyba”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “chyba”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 311
  • Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “chyba I-V”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  • Wanda Decyk-Zięba, editor (2018-2022), “chyba”, in Dydaktyczny Słownik Etymologiczno-historyczny Języka Polskiego [A Didactic, Historical, Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), →ISBN

Silesian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xyba.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈxɪ.ba/
  • Rhymes: -ɪba
  • Syllabification: chy‧ba

Particle

chyba

  1. expresses confidence but not certainty; probably; I think, I guess
  2. introduces a rhetorical question; I should think

Noun

chyba f

  1. mistake, error
    Synonyms: brak, defekt, feler, gana, skaza, wada

Declension

Declension of chyba
singular plural
nominative — —
genitive — —
dative — —
accusative — —
instrumental — —
locative — —
vocative — —
adjective
verbs

Further reading

Slovak

Slovak Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sk

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xyba.

Pronunciation

Noun

chyba f

  1. fault
  2. mistake, error
  3. (computing) bug, error

Declension

Declension of chyba
singular plural
nominative chyba chyby
genitive chyby chýb
dative chybe chybám
accusative chybu chyby
locative chybe chybách
instrumental chybou chybami

Further reading

  • “chyba”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024
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