cimarrón

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See also: cimarron and Cimarron

Spanish

FWOTD – 24 November 2012
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Etymology

Either a native Spanish formation from cima (“summit, peak”), referring to unruly slaves who escaped to seek refuge in the mountains,[1][2] or a borrowing from Taíno símaran (“wild”) (like a stray arrow), from símara (“arrow”).[3]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (Spain) /θimaˈron/
  • IPA(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /simaˈron/
  • Rhymes: -on
  • Syllabification: ci‧ma‧rrón

Adjective

cimarrón (feminine cimarrona, masculine plural cimarrones, feminine plural cimarronas) (Latin America)

  1. (of animals) feral (having returned to the wild)
    Synonyms: bagual, feral
    • 2002, Miguel de Unamuno, “El caballo americano [The American Horse]”, in Nelson R. Orringer, editor, Americanidad [Americanness] (La Expresión Americana)‎, Caracas: Fundación Biblioteca Ayacuch, →ISBN, page 50:
      Y entonces comprendí que así como el caballo americano, lo mismo que el toro, que corre libre por montes y llanos, no es el caballo salvaje, sino el caballo cimarrón, el caballo doméstico vuelto a la vida bravía y salvaje, […]
      And then I realised that, like the american horse, and the same for the bull, that runs free around the mountains and plains, isn’t the wild horse, but rather the feral horse, the domestic horse that returned to a wild and savage life,
  2. (of people) rural; campestral
    Synonyms: rural, campestre
    • 2002, Miguel de Unamuno, “El caballo americano [The American Horse]”, in Nelson R. Orringer, editor, Americanidad [Americanness] (La Expresión Americana)‎, Caracas: Fundación Biblioteca Ayacuch, →ISBN, page 50:
      […] , así también el gaucho no era hasta cierto punto más que el español cimarrón, que al volver a encontrarse en condiciones de vida análogas a aquéllas en que se encontraron sus antepasados en los tiempos en que luchaban con el moro, […]
      , as such the Gaucho wasn’t, up to a certain point, more than the rural Spaniard, who again found himself in life conditions analogous to those of his ancestors in times when they fought Moors,
  3. (of plants) of a wild cultivar
  4. (of mate) unsweetened
    Synonym: amargo

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Portuguese: chimarrão
  • → French: marron
  • → Classical Nahuatl: cimatl
  • → English: cimarron

References

  1. ^ “cimarrón”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28
  2. ^ Roberts, Edward A. (2014) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN
  3. ^ J. Arrom, Cimarrón: apuntes sobre sus primeras documentaciones y su probable origen (1983)

Further reading

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