. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
you have here. The definition of the word
will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Irish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old Irish cingid, cinnid (“steps, paces, proceeds, goes; overcomes, surpasses, excels, exceeds”).
Verb
cinn (present analytic cinneann, future analytic cinnfidh, verbal noun cinneadh, past participle cinnte) (transitive, intransitive)
- (literary) step
- (with ar)
- surpass, overcome
- be too much for
Chinn orainn aon dul chun cinn a dhéanadh.- We failed to make any progress.
Conjugation
|
singular
|
plural
|
relative
|
autonomous
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
indicative
|
present
|
cinnim
|
cinneann tú; cinnir†
|
cinneann sé, sí
|
cinnimid
|
cinneann sibh
|
cinneann siad; cinnid†
|
a chinneann; a chinneas / a gcinneann*; a gcinneas*
|
cinntear
|
past
|
chinn mé; chinneas
|
chinn tú; chinnis
|
chinn sé, sí
|
chinneamar; chinn muid
|
chinn sibh; chinneabhair
|
chinn siad; chinneadar
|
a chinn / ar chinn*
|
cinneadh
|
past habitual
|
chinninn / gcinninn‡‡
|
chinnteá / gcinnteᇇ
|
chinneadh sé, sí / gcinneadh sé, s퇇
|
chinnimis; chinneadh muid / gcinnimis‡‡; gcinneadh muid‡‡
|
chinneadh sibh / gcinneadh sibh‡‡
|
chinnidís; chinneadh siad / gcinnidís‡‡; gcinneadh siad‡‡
|
a chinneadh / a gcinneadh*
|
chinntí / gcinnt퇇
|
future
|
cinnfidh mé; cinnfead
|
cinnfidh tú; cinnfir†
|
cinnfidh sé, sí
|
cinnfimid; cinnfidh muid
|
cinnfidh sibh
|
cinnfidh siad; cinnfid†
|
a chinnfidh; a chinnfeas / a gcinnfidh*; a gcinnfeas*
|
cinnfear
|
conditional
|
chinnfinn / gcinnfinn‡‡
|
chinnfeá / gcinnfeᇇ
|
chinnfeadh sé, sí / gcinnfeadh sé, s퇇
|
chinnfimis; chinnfeadh muid / gcinnfimis‡‡; gcinnfeadh muid‡‡
|
chinnfeadh sibh / gcinnfeadh sibh‡‡
|
chinnfidís; chinnfeadh siad / gcinnfidís‡‡; gcinnfeadh siad‡‡
|
a chinnfeadh / a gcinnfeadh*
|
chinnfí / gcinnf퇇
|
subjunctive
|
present
|
go gcinne mé; go gcinnead†
|
go gcinne tú; go gcinnir†
|
go gcinne sé, sí
|
go gcinnimid; go gcinne muid
|
go gcinne sibh
|
go gcinne siad; go gcinnid†
|
—
|
go gcinntear
|
past
|
dá gcinninn
|
dá gcinnteá
|
dá gcinneadh sé, sí
|
dá gcinnimis; dá gcinneadh muid
|
dá gcinneadh sibh
|
dá gcinnidís; dá gcinneadh siad
|
—
|
dá gcinntí
|
imperative
|
cinnim
|
cinn
|
cinneadh sé, sí
|
cinnimis
|
cinnigí; cinnidh†
|
cinnidís
|
—
|
cinntear
|
verbal noun
|
cinneadh
|
past participle
|
cinnte
|
* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Etymology 2
From Old Irish cinnid (“defines, fixes, settles; completes, finishes; decides (on a course of action), makes a decision”), from cenn (“head”).
Verb
cinn (present analytic cinneann, future analytic cinnfidh, verbal noun cinneadh, past participle cinnte)
- (transitive, intransitive) fix, determine, decree, decide
Conjugation
|
singular
|
plural
|
relative
|
autonomous
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
first
|
second
|
third
|
indicative
|
present
|
cinnim
|
cinneann tú; cinnir†
|
cinneann sé, sí
|
cinnimid
|
cinneann sibh
|
cinneann siad; cinnid†
|
a chinneann; a chinneas / a gcinneann*; a gcinneas*
|
cinntear
|
past
|
chinn mé; chinneas
|
chinn tú; chinnis
|
chinn sé, sí
|
chinneamar; chinn muid
|
chinn sibh; chinneabhair
|
chinn siad; chinneadar
|
a chinn / ar chinn*
|
cinneadh
|
past habitual
|
chinninn / gcinninn‡‡
|
chinnteá / gcinnteᇇ
|
chinneadh sé, sí / gcinneadh sé, s퇇
|
chinnimis; chinneadh muid / gcinnimis‡‡; gcinneadh muid‡‡
|
chinneadh sibh / gcinneadh sibh‡‡
|
chinnidís; chinneadh siad / gcinnidís‡‡; gcinneadh siad‡‡
|
a chinneadh / a gcinneadh*
|
chinntí / gcinnt퇇
|
future
|
cinnfidh mé; cinnfead
|
cinnfidh tú; cinnfir†
|
cinnfidh sé, sí
|
cinnfimid; cinnfidh muid
|
cinnfidh sibh
|
cinnfidh siad; cinnfid†
|
a chinnfidh; a chinnfeas / a gcinnfidh*; a gcinnfeas*
|
cinnfear
|
conditional
|
chinnfinn / gcinnfinn‡‡
|
chinnfeá / gcinnfeᇇ
|
chinnfeadh sé, sí / gcinnfeadh sé, s퇇
|
chinnfimis; chinnfeadh muid / gcinnfimis‡‡; gcinnfeadh muid‡‡
|
chinnfeadh sibh / gcinnfeadh sibh‡‡
|
chinnfidís; chinnfeadh siad / gcinnfidís‡‡; gcinnfeadh siad‡‡
|
a chinnfeadh / a gcinnfeadh*
|
chinnfí / gcinnf퇇
|
subjunctive
|
present
|
go gcinne mé; go gcinnead†
|
go gcinne tú; go gcinnir†
|
go gcinne sé, sí
|
go gcinnimid; go gcinne muid
|
go gcinne sibh
|
go gcinne siad; go gcinnid†
|
—
|
go gcinntear
|
past
|
dá gcinninn
|
dá gcinnteá
|
dá gcinneadh sé, sí
|
dá gcinnimis; dá gcinneadh muid
|
dá gcinneadh sibh
|
dá gcinnidís; dá gcinneadh siad
|
—
|
dá gcinntí
|
imperative
|
cinnim
|
cinn
|
cinneadh sé, sí
|
cinnimis
|
cinnigí; cinnidh†
|
cinnidís
|
—
|
cinntear
|
verbal noun
|
cinneadh
|
past participle
|
cinnte
|
* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Related terms
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Alternative forms
Noun
cinn m
- inflection of ceann (“head”):
- vocative/genitive singular
- nominative/dative plural
Mutation
Irish mutation
|
Radical
|
Lenition
|
Eclipsis
|
cinn
|
chinn
|
gcinn
|
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
|
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cinn”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 cingid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 cinnid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Entries containing “cinn” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “cinn” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
- Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 24
Middle Irish
Noun
cinn
- inflection of cenn:
- genitive singular
- nominative plural
Mutation
Middle Irish mutation
|
Radical |
Lenition |
Nasalization
|
cinn |
chinn |
cinn pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
|
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
|
Old English
Etymology 1
From Proto-West Germanic *kinnu (“chin”).
Compare Old Frisian zin, Old Saxon, Old Dutch, and Old High German kinni, Old Norse kinn, Gothic 𐌺𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌿𐍃 (kinnus) and Latin gena, Ancient Greek γένυς (génus), Welsh gen, Tocharian A śanwem, Old Armenian ծնաւտ (cnawt), Lithuanian žandas, Persian چانه (čâne), Sanskrit हनु (hánu).
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Noun
ċinn n
- chin
Declension
Declension of cinn (strong a-stem)
Descendants
Etymology 2
See cynn.
Pronunciation
Noun
cinn n
- Alternative form of cynn
Old Irish
Pronunciation
Noun
cinn
- genitive singular of cenn
Mutation
Old Irish mutation
|
Radical |
Lenition |
Nasalization
|
cinn
|
chinn
|
cinn pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
|
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
|
Scottish Gaelic
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From the root of cineal (“progeny, offspring”).
Verb
cinn (past chinn, future cinnidh, verbal noun cinntinn, past participle cinnte)
- grow
- increase, multiply
- prosper
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
cinn m
- inflection of ceann:
- genitive singular
- nominative plural
Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation
|
Radical
|
Lenition
|
cinn |
chinn
|
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
|
References
- Edward Dwelly (1911) “cinn”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN