cipel

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Hungarian

Etymology

Perhaps shortened from cipekedik (“to carry”) +‎ -el (verb-forming suffix). First attested in 1792.[1]

Pronunciation

Verb

cipel

  1. (transitive) to drag, lug, tote (to carry something heavy, with great effort)
    Synonyms: hurcol, vonszol

Conjugation

conjugation of cipel
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. cipelek cipelsz cipel cipelünk cipeltek cipelnek
Def. cipelem cipeled cipeli cipeljük cipelitek cipelik
2nd-p. o. cipellek ―
Past Indef. cipeltem cipeltél cipelt cipeltünk cipeltetek cipeltek
Def. cipeltem cipelted cipelte cipeltük cipeltétek cipelték
2nd-p. o. cipeltelek ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. cipelni fog.
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. cipelék cipelél cipele cipelénk cipelétek cipelének
Def. cipelém cipeléd cipelé cipelénk cipelétek cipelék
2nd-p. o. cipelélek ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. cipel vala, cipelt vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. cipelendek cipelendesz cipelend cipelendünk cipelendetek cipelendenek
Def. cipelendem cipelended cipelendi cipelendjük cipelenditek cipelendik
2nd-p. o. cipelendelek ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. cipelnék cipelnél cipelne cipelnénk cipelnétek cipelnének
Def. cipelném cipelnéd cipelné cipelnénk
(or cipelnők) 		cipelnétek cipelnék
2nd-p. o. cipelnélek ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. cipelt volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. cipeljek cipelj or
cipeljél 		cipeljen cipeljünk cipeljetek cipeljenek
Def. cipeljem cipeld or
cipeljed 		cipelje cipeljük cipeljétek cipeljék
2nd-p. o. cipeljelek ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. cipelt légyen
Infinitive cipelni cipelnem cipelned cipelnie cipelnünk cipelnetek cipelniük
Other
forms 		Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
cipelés cipelő cipelt cipelendő cipelve (cipelvén) cipeltet
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
potential conjugation of cipel
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. cipelhetek cipelhetsz cipelhet cipelhetünk cipelhettek cipelhetnek
Def. cipelhetem cipelheted cipelheti cipelhetjük cipelhetitek cipelhetik
2nd-p. o. cipelhetlek ―
Past Indef. cipelhettem cipelhettél cipelhetett cipelhettünk cipelhettetek cipelhettek
Def. cipelhettem cipelhetted cipelhette cipelhettük cipelhettétek cipelhették
2nd-p. o. cipelhettelek ―
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. cipelheték cipelhetél cipelhete cipelheténk cipelhetétek cipelhetének
Def. cipelhetém cipelhetéd cipelheté cipelheténk cipelhetétek cipelheték
2nd-p. o. cipelhetélek ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. cipelhet vala, cipelhetett vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. cipelhetendek
or cipelandhatok 		cipelhetendesz
or cipelandhatsz 		cipelhetend
or cipelandhat 		cipelhetendünk
or cipelandhatunk 		cipelhetendetek
or cipelandhattok 		cipelhetendenek
or cipelandhatnak
Def. cipelhetendem
or cipelandhatom 		cipelhetended
or cipelandhatod 		cipelhetendi
or cipelandhatja 		cipelhetendjük
or cipelandhatjuk 		cipelhetenditek
or cipelandhatjátok 		cipelhetendik
or cipelandhatják
2nd-p. o. cipelhetendelek
or cipelandhatlak 		―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. cipelhetnék cipelhetnél cipelhetne cipelhetnénk cipelhetnétek cipelhetnének
Def. cipelhetném cipelhetnéd cipelhetné cipelhetnénk
(or cipelhetnők) 		cipelhetnétek cipelhetnék
2nd-p. o. cipelhetnélek ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. cipelhetett volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. cipelhessek cipelhess or
cipelhessél 		cipelhessen cipelhessünk cipelhessetek cipelhessenek
Def. cipelhessem cipelhesd or
cipelhessed 		cipelhesse cipelhessük cipelhessétek cipelhessék
2nd-p. o. cipelhesselek ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. cipelhetett légyen
Inf. (cipelhetni) (cipelhetnem) (cipelhetned) (cipelhetnie) (cipelhetnünk) (cipelhetnetek) (cipelhetniük)
Positive adjective cipelhető Neg. adj. cipelhetetlen Adv. part. (cipelhetve / cipelhetvén)

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

References

  1. ^ cipel in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

  • cipel in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • cipel in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
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