confédérer

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French

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Late Latin cōnfoederō. Morphologically, from con- +‎ fédérer.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kɔ̃.fe.de.ʁe/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

confédérer

  1. to confederate

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like céder. It is a regular -er verb, except that its last stem vowel alternates between /e/ (written 'é') and /ɛ/ (written 'è'), with the latter being used before mute 'e'. One special case is the future stem, used in the future and the conditional. Before 1990, the future stem of such verbs was written confédérer-, reflecting the historic pronunciation /e/. In 1990, the French Academy recommended that it be written confédèrer-, reflecting the now common pronunciation /ɛ/, thereby making this distinction consistent throughout the conjugation (and also matching in this regard the conjugations of verbs like lever and jeter). Both spellings are in use today, and both are therefore given here.

Derived terms

Further reading