cudo

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈkuː.doː/,
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈku.do/,

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *kūdō, from Proto-Indo-European *kewh₂- (“to strike, hew, forge”).

Verb

cūdō (present infinitive cūdere, perfect active cūdī, supine cūsum); third conjugation

1. to strike, beat, pound, knock
2. to stamp, coin (money)

Conjugation

Etymology 2

Unknown, presumably a loanword. Compare Proto-Germanic *hōdaz (“a hood, soft covering for the head”) from Proto-Indo-European *kadʰ- (“to cover”), Persian خود (xud, “helmet”).

Noun

cūdō m (genitive cūdōnis); third declension (dis legomenon)

1. helmet
   • c. 100 CE, Silius Italicus, Punica 8.493–494:

     spīcula bīna gerunt. capitī cūdōne ferīnō sat cautum.

     They bear two javelins. The head protected sufficiently by an iron helmet.

   • c. 100 CE, Silius Italicus, Punica 16.59–60:

     Scīpiō contorquēns hastam, cūdōne comantīs disiēcit crīnīs.

     Scipio, wielding the spear, drove the long hair asunder from the helmet.

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Synonyms

• cassis

References

• “cudo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cudo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• cudo in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• cudo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Ernout, Alfred, Meillet, Antoine (1985) “cudo”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots‎ (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 155
• “cudo”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• cudo in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• “cudo”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Old Polish

Alternative forms

• czudo

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čùdo with Mazuration. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /t͡sudɔ/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /t͡sudɔ/

Noun

cudo n

1. miracle
   • c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskie‎, page cv 25:

     Pismo togo croleuicha... naziua crolem luda zidowskego... w yego ucesnem uelikih chud cyneny

     [Pismo togo krolewica... nazywa krolem luda żydowskiego... w jego uciesznem wielikich cud czynieni]

   • Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎, page 172:

     Mateus, Marcus, Lucas, Joannes... niektore cuda i dziwy opuścili (obmittentes virtutes et miracula)

     [Mateus, Marcus, Lucas, Joannes... niektore cuda i dziwy opuścili (obmittentes virtutes et miracula)]

   • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Latin-Polish-German Florian Psalter]‎, Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 77, 48:

     Poloszil... znamona swoia y czuda swoia (posuit... signa sua et prodigia sua) w polu Taneos

     [Położył... znamiona swoja i cuda swoja (posuit... signa sua et prodigia sua) w polu Taneos]

2. oddity (something strange)
   • Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎, page 72:

     Jeden s tych krolow [widział] strozą chował w domu..., a gdyż juże... sniosł jajca, tedy wielikie cudo stało sie s tych jajec (monstrum exit ab ovis), bo z jednego wyskoczył lew, a z drugiego baran

     [Jeden z tych krolow [widział] strusa chował w domu..., a gdyż juże... sniosł jajca, tedy wielikie cudo stało sie s tych jajec (monstrum exit ab ovis), bo z jednego wyskoczył lew, a z drugiego baran]

Descendants

• Polish: cudo

References

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “cudo”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish cudo.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡su.dɔ/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -udɔ
• Syllabification: cu‧do

Noun

cudo n (diminutive cudeńko)

1. wonder, marvel (something considered amazing)

Declension

Further reading

• cudo in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• cudo in Polish dictionaries at PWN