cudo

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See also: čudo and чудо

Latin

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *kūdō, from Proto-Indo-European *kewh₂- (to strike, hew, forge).

Verb

cūdō (present infinitive cūdere, perfect active cūdī, supine cūsum); third conjugation

  1. to strike, beat, pound, knock
  2. to stamp, coin (money)
Conjugation
   Conjugation of cūdō (third conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present cūdō cūdis cūdit cūdimus cūditis cūdunt
imperfect cūdēbam cūdēbās cūdēbat cūdēbāmus cūdēbātis cūdēbant
future cūdam cūdēs cūdet cūdēmus cūdētis cūdent
perfect cūdī cūdistī cūdit cūdimus cūdistis cūdērunt,
cūdēre
pluperfect cūderam cūderās cūderat cūderāmus cūderātis cūderant
future perfect cūderō cūderis cūderit cūderimus cūderitis cūderint
passive present cūdor cūderis,
cūdere
cūditur cūdimur cūdiminī cūduntur
imperfect cūdēbar cūdēbāris,
cūdēbāre
cūdēbātur cūdēbāmur cūdēbāminī cūdēbantur
future cūdar cūdēris,
cūdēre
cūdētur cūdēmur cūdēminī cūdentur
perfect cūsus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect cūsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect cūsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present cūdam cūdās cūdat cūdāmus cūdātis cūdant
imperfect cūderem cūderēs cūderet cūderēmus cūderētis cūderent
perfect cūderim cūderīs cūderit cūderīmus cūderītis cūderint
pluperfect cūdissem cūdissēs cūdisset cūdissēmus cūdissētis cūdissent
passive present cūdar cūdāris,
cūdāre
cūdātur cūdāmur cūdāminī cūdantur
imperfect cūderer cūderēris,
cūderēre
cūderētur cūderēmur cūderēminī cūderentur
perfect cūsus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect cūsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present cūde cūdite
future cūditō cūditō cūditōte cūduntō
passive present cūdere cūdiminī
future cūditor cūditor cūduntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives cūdere cūdisse cūsūrum esse cūdī cūsum esse cūsum īrī
participles cūdēns cūsūrus cūsus cūdendus,
cūdundus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
cūdendī cūdendō cūdendum cūdendō cūsum cūsū

Etymology 2

Unknown, presumably a loanword. Compare Proto-Germanic *hōdaz (a hood, soft covering for the head) from Proto-Indo-European *kadʰ- (to cover), Persian خود (xud, helmet).

Noun

cūdō m (genitive cūdōnis); third declension (dis legomenon)

  1. helmet
    • c. 100 CE, Silius Italicus, Punica 8.493–494:
      spīcula bīna gerunt. capitī cūdōne ferīnō sat cautum.
      They bear two javelins. The head protected sufficiently by an iron helmet.
    • c. 100 CE, Silius Italicus, Punica 16.59–60:
      Scīpiō contorquēns hastam, cūdōne comantīs disiēcit crīnīs.
      Scipio, wielding the spear, drove the long hair asunder from the helmet.
Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative cūdō cūdōnēs
Genitive cūdōnis cūdōnum
Dative cūdōnī cūdōnibus
Accusative cūdōnem cūdōnēs
Ablative cūdōne cūdōnibus
Vocative cūdō cūdōnēs
Synonyms

References

  • cudo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • cudo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • cudo in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • cudo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Ernout, Alfred, Meillet, Antoine (1985) “cudo”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 155
  • cudo”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • cudo in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
  • cudo”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Old Polish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čùdo with Mazuration. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /t͡sudɔ/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /t͡sudɔ/

Noun

cudo n

  1. (attested in Lesser Poland) miracle
    • c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskie, Miechów, page cv 25:
      Pismo togo croleuicha... naziua crolem luda zidowskego... w yego ucesnem uelikih chud cyneny
      [Pismo togo krolewica... nazywa krolem luda żydowskiego... w jego uciesznem wielikich cud czynieni]
    • Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 172:
      Mateus, Marcus, Lucas, Joannes... niektore cuda i dziwy opuścili (obmittentes virtutes et miracula)
      [Mateus, Marcus, Lucas, Joannes... niektore cuda i dziwy opuścili (obmittentes virtutes et miracula)]
    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 77, 48:
      Poloszil... znamona swoia y czuda swoia (posuit... signa sua et prodigia sua) w polu Taneos
      [Położył... znamiona swoja i cuda swoja (posuit... signa sua et prodigia sua) w polu Taneos]
  2. oddity (something strange)
    • Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 72:
      Jeden s tych krolow [widział] strozą chował w domu..., a gdyż juże... sniosł jajca, tedy wielikie cudo stało sie s tych jajec (monstrum exit ab ovis), bo z jednego wyskoczył lew, a z drugiego baran
      [Jeden z tych krolow [widział] strusa chował w domu..., a gdyż juże... sniosł jajca, tedy wielikie cudo stało sie s tych jajec (monstrum exit ab ovis), bo z jednego wyskoczył lew, a z drugiego baran]

Descendants

  • Polish: cudo

References

  • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “cudo”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish cudo.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈt͡su.dɔ/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -udɔ
  • Syllabification: cu‧do

Noun

cudo n (diminutive cudeńko)

  1. wonder, marvel (something considered amazing)

Declension

Further reading

  • cudo in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • cudo in Polish dictionaries at PWN