cumhachd

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Scottish Gaelic

Alternative forms

comhachd, cumachda

Etymology

From Old Irish cumachtae (“power, strength, might”).^[1]

Pronunciation

(Lewis) IPA^(key): /ˈkʰõ.axk/^[2]
(Barra) IPA^(key): ^[3]

Noun

cumhachd m or f (genitive singular cumhachd, plural cumhachdan)

power, might, force
influence

Declension

Declension of *cumhachd* (class IIe masculine noun)
indefinite
	singular	plural
nominative	cumhachd	cumhachdan
genitive	cumhachd	chumhachdan
dative	cumhachd	cumhachdan

definite
	singular	plural
nominative	(an) cumhachd	(na) cumhachdan
genitive	(a') chumhachd	(nan) cumhachdan
dative	(a') chumhachd	(na) cumhachdan
vocative	chumhachd	chumhachdan

Declension of *cumhachd* (class IIe feminine noun)
indefinite
	singular	plural
nominative	cumhachd	cumhachdan
genitive	cumhachd	chumhachdan
dative	cumhachd	cumhachdan; cumhachdaibh^✝

definite
	singular	plural
nominative	(a') chumhachd	(na) cumhachdan
genitive	(na) cumhachd	(nan) cumhachdan
dative	(a') chumhachd	(na) cumhachdan; cumhachdaibh^✝
vocative	chumhachd	chumhachdan

^✝ obsolete form, used until the 19th century

Derived terms

call cumhachd (“power cut”)
cumhachd mara (“tidal energy”)
cumhachd nan tonn (“wave power”)
cumhachdach (“powerful; influential”)

Mutation

Mutation of *cumhachd*
radical	lenition
cumhachd	chumhachd

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cumachtae”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
^ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap

Further reading

Edward Dwelly (1911) “cumhachd”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN

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