cumprir

Galician

Alternative forms

• comprir

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese comprir (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *complīre, from Latin complēre. The retention of /pl/ is unusual and perhaps reflects some form of conservative tendency. Cf. encher < implēre for the more usual outcome. Compare Portuguese cumprir, Spanish cumplir.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kumˈpɾiɾ/

Verb

cumprir (first-person singular present cumpro, first-person singular preterite cumprín, past participle cumprido)
cumprir (first-person singular present cumpro, first-person singular preterite cumprim or cumpri, past participle cumprido, reintegrationist norm)

1. (transitive with con (somewhat formal) or with no preposition) to carry out, to do, to perform
2. (transitive) to fulfil
3. (transitive) to accomplish
4. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to come true, to be fulfilled
   • 1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 467:

     seméllame, fillo, que ora son cõpridos de tj os soños que eu sonaua et as uisiões que uij́a et as coytas grãdes que sofría ẽno coraçõ

     it seems to me, my son, that by you the dreams I dreamed and the visions I envisioned are fulfilled and the big sorrows I suffered in my heart

5. (transitive) to finish a period of time
   1. (of cows) to finish the pregnancy

Conjugation

Related terms

• comprimento

Verb

cumprir (third-person only, third-person singular present cómpre, third-person singular preterite cumpriu, past participle cumprido)
cumprir (third-person only, third-person singular present cumpre, third-person singular preterite cumpriu, past participle cumprido, reintegrationist norm)

1. (impersonal) to be necessary or advisable

   Cómpre que deixemos de emitir CO2 ― It is necessary that we stop emitting CO2

   • 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 71:

     mudandolle o freo mansamente et fortemente como conprir

     changing the bit gently and strongly, as needed

2. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to need, must

   Cómpreche facer exercicio ― You must exercise

Conjugation

References

• “comprir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “conprir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “cumprir” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006-2016.* “cumprir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “cumprir” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “cumprir” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Portuguese

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *complīre, from Latin complēre. The retention of /pl/ is unusual and perhaps reflects some form of conservative tendency. Cf. encher < implēre for the more usual outcome. Compare Galician cumprir, Spanish cumplir.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: cum‧prir

Verb

cumprir (first-person singular present cumpro, first-person singular preterite cumpri, past participle cumprido)

1. (transitive with com (somewhat formal) or with no preposition) to carry out, to do, to perform

   Você deveria cumprir com o seu dever.

   You should carry out your duty.

2. (transitive) to fulfil
3. (transitive) to accomplish

   Você cumpriu os seus objetivos?

   Did you accomplish your goals?

4. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to come true, to be fulfilled

Conjugation

Antonyms

• descumpir
• incumprir

Related terms

• cumprimento
• comprimento
• complemento
• completo

References

• “cumprir” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.
• “cumprir” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
• “cumprir” in iDicionário Aulete.