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cunctus. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
cunctus, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
cunctus in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
cunctus you have here. The definition of the word
cunctus will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
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Latin
Etymology
Uncertain. Proposals include:
- From concitus by syncope per Pokorny (1959), accepted by De Vaan (2008) with some reservations. Ernout and Meillet (1985) reject this etymology, and also reject the ancient etymology from co(n)iūnctus.
- According to Sihler (1995), from Proto-Indo-European *ponkʷ-u- (“whole, entire”), which he reconstructs as the ancestor also of Hittite 𒉺𒀭𒆪𒍑 (/pa-an-ku-uš/, “whole, entire; senate”) and Hittite (pa-an-kur, “family, relations”), as well as the middle part of Ancient Greek ἅπαξ (hápax, “singly”). The Latin form would then show the same /p – kʷ > kʷ – kʷ/ assimilation as in quīnque. De Vaan rejects this etymology, saying that the Hittite term cannot be cognate with Latin cū̆nctus due to the genitive singular form 𒉺𒀭𒅗𒉿𒀸 (/pa-an-ka-wa-aš/), and that it is more likely related to Sanskrit बहु (bahu).
- From Proto-Indo-European *ponkʷ-to- (“whole, entire”), from *pénkʷe (“whole hand; five (fingers)”). In this case cognate to Sanskrit पञ्च (pañca, “spread out”), Sanskrit प्रपञ्चन (prapañcana, “copiousness”).
- Ancient etymologists explained it as a contraction of *cōiūnctus, making it a doublet of coniūnctus (“conjoined, connected”); this is today rejected.
Pronunciation
Note: the length of the root vowel is uncertain; length is regular before /nkt/, but a short vowel is conceivable if the word was formed by syncope, and if this postdates the regular lengthening. Compare the same uncertainity in the unrelated verb cū̆nctor, likely influenced by the adjective via false-etymological derivation or vice versa.
Adjective
cū̆nctus (feminine cū̆ncta, neuter cū̆nctum); first/second-declension adjective
- collectively, all together; the whole, entire
- Synonyms: (in the plural) omnis, (in the singular) tōtus
Declension
First/second-declension adjective.
References
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 538
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “cunctus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 154
- ^ Ernout, Alfred, Meillet, Antoine (1985) “cunctus”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 157
- ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 145, 300, 437
Further reading
- “cunctus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “cunctus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "cunctus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- cunctus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be elected unanimousl: omnes centurias ferre or omnium suffragiis, cunctis centuriis creari