déan

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See also: dean, Dean, deán, and dèan

Irish

Etymology 1

From Old Irish ·dénai, prototonic form of do·gní.

The past indicative independent form rinne, formerly do-rinne, is from Old Irish do·rigni, deuterotonic form of the perfect tense of do·gní.

The past indicative dependent form dearna is from Old Irish *·dernai (compare ·dernus (1st sg.), ·dernais (2nd sg.), ·dernad (passive)), prototonic form of the perfect tense of do·gní.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Verb

déan (present analytic déanann, future analytic déanfaidh, verbal noun déanamh, past participle déanta)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) do
  2. (transitive) make
Conjugation
conjugation of déan (irregular)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present déanaim déanann tú; déanair† déanann sé, sí déanaimid;
déanann muid 		déanann sibh déanann siad;
déanaid† 		a dhéanann; a dhéanas /
a ndéanann*; a ndéanas* 		déantar
past independent rinne mé;
rinneas 		rinne tú;
rinnis 		rinne sé, sí rinneamar;
rinne muid 		rinne sibh;
rinneabhair 		rinne siad;
rinneadar 		a rinne rinneadh
past dependent dearna mé;
dearnas;
tearn(a) mé† 		dearna tú;
dearnais;
tearn(a) tú† 		dearna sé, sí;
tearn(a) sé, sí† 		dearnamar;
dearna muid:
tearn(a) muid† 		dearna sibh;
dearnabhair:
tearn(a) sibh† 		dearna siad;
dearnadar:
tearn(a) siad† 		a ndearna*:
a dtearn(a)*† 		dearnadh:
tearnadh†
past habitual dhéanainn / ndéanainn‡‡ dhéantá / ndéantᇇ dhéanadh sé, sí / ndéanadh sé, s퇇 dhéanaimis;
dhéanadh muid / ndéanaimis‡‡; ndéanadh muid‡‡ 		dhéanadh sibh / ndéanadh sibh‡‡ dhéanaidís;
dhéanadh siad / ndéanaidís‡‡; ndéanadh siad‡‡ 		a dhéanadh /
a ndéanadh* 		dhéantaí; ndéanta퇇
future déanfaidh mé;
déanfad 		déanfaidh tú;
déanfair† 		déanfaidh sé, sí déanfaimid;
déanfaidh muid 		déanfaidh sibh déanfaidh siad;
déanfaid† 		a dhéanfaidh; a dhéanfas /
a ndéanfaidh*; a ndéanfas* 		déanfar
conditional dhéanfainn / ndéanfainn‡‡ dhéanfá / ndéanfᇇ dhéanfadh sé, sí / ndéanfadh sé, s퇇 dhéanfaimis;
dhéanfadh muid / ndéanfaimis‡‡; ndéanfadh muid‡‡ 		dhéanfadh sibh / ndéanfadh sibh‡‡ dhéanfaidís;
dhéanfadh siad / ndéanfaidís‡‡; ndéanfadh sibh‡‡ 		a dhéanfadh /
a ndéanfadh* 		dhéanfaí / ndéanfa퇇
subjunctive present go ndéana mé;
go ndéanad† 		go ndéana tú;
go ndéanair† 		go ndéana sé, sí go ndéanaimid;
go ndéana muid 		go ndéana sibh go ndéana siad;
go ndéanaid† 		— go ndéantar
past dá ndéanainn dá ndéantá dá ndéanadh sé, sí dá ndéanaimis;
dá ndéanadh muid 		dá ndéanadh sibh dá ndéanaidís;
dá ndéanadh siad 		— dá ndéantaí
imperative déanaim déan déanadh sé, sí déanaimis déanaigí;
déanaidh† 		déanaidís — déantar
verbal noun déanamh
past participle déanta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

the forms rinne and dearna lose their final vowel in Ulster, becoming rinn and dearn;

for Munster forms, see dein;

in Ulster, the dependent forms of all tenses begin (or are at least pronounced as if they begin) with th- /h/ under lenition and with dt- /dʲ/ or nd- /n̠ʲ/ under eclipsis; since dependent forms are always either lenited or eclipsed, forms with unmuated t- do not occur; independent forms have d /dʲ/ as in the standard language;

in older literary language, Aran, and Ulster, the present indicative and past habitual have independent forms built on the stem ghní- (also spelled ní-); the déan- forms listed above are only dependent:

singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present independent (gh)ním (gh)ní tú;
(gh)níonn tú;
(gh)nír 		(gh)ní sé, sí;
(gh)níonn sé, sí 		(gh)nímid;
(gh)ní muid;
(gh)níonn muid 		(gh)ní sibh;
(gh)níonn sibh 		(gh)ní siad;
(gh)níonn siad;
(gh)níd 		a (gh)ní;
a (gh)níonn;
a (gh)níos 		(gh)níthear
past habitual independent (gh)nínn (gh)nítheá (gh)níodh sé, sí (gh)nímis;
(gh)níodh muid 		(gh)níodh sibh (gh)nídís;
(gh)níodh siad 		a (gh)níodh (gh)nítí
Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 84
  2. ^ Mhac an Fhailigh, Éamonn (1968) The Irish of Erris, Co. Mayo: A Phonemic Study, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, pages 155–156: “a sháith lé déanamh ə ha: l′e: d′i:nu:”
  3. ^ Stockman, Gerard (1974) The Irish of Achill, Co. Mayo (Studies in Irish Language and Literature, Department of Celtic, Q.U.B.; 2), Belfast: Institute of Irish Studies, The Queen's University of Belfast, pages 4, 15, 45

Further reading

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English dean.

Pronunciation

Noun

déan m (genitive singular déin, nominative plural déin)

  1. dean
Declension
Declension of déan (first declension)
bare forms
case singular plural
nominative déan déin
vocative a dhéin a dhéana
genitive déin déan
dative déan déin
forms with the definite article
case singular plural
nominative an déan na déin
genitive an déin na ndéan
dative leis an déan
don déan 		leis na déin
Derived terms

Further reading

Mutation

Mutated forms of déan
radical lenition eclipsis
déan dhéan ndéan

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

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