dalīt

Originally the causative form of an earlier verb *dalt, *delt, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dalˀīti,^[1] from Proto-Indo-European *delh₁- (“to cut, to split, to hew”). Cognates include Lithuanian dalýti, dalìnti, Old Prussian dellieis (< *deliyeis, imperative), Proto-Slavic *delěti (“to overcome”) (and its ablaut action noun Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian до́ля (dólja, “part, share”), Polish dola), Sanskrit दलति (dálati, “to explode, to burst”), दलयति (daláyati, “to cause to burst; to slice”), Latin dolō (“to chop into shape, to fashion, to devise”).^[2]

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dalīt (transitive, 3rd conjugation, present dalu, dali, dala, past dalīju)

1. to divide, to split (to act on a whole in such a way that it becomes a set of separate parts; to be a border separating the parts of a whole)

   dalīt gabalos ― to divide (something) into pieces

   dalīt olu uz pusēm ― to divide, split an egg in half

   dalīt ābolu četrās daļās ― to divide an apple into four parts

   dalīt vārdu zilbēs ― to divide, split a word into syllables

   malkas grēda dalīja pagalmu divās daļās ― the woodpile divided the courtyard into two parts

2. to divide, to split, to share (to assign a part of something to every member of a certain group)

   dalīt mantu ― to divide the property

   dalīt peļņu ― to share the profits

   dalīt laupījumu ― to split the booty

   dalīt kārtis ― to deal the cards

   dalīta uzmanība ― divided attention

   dalīt bērniem brokastis ― to give the children breakfast (lit. to divide breakfast (among) the children)

   sākumā viņš savu brīvo laiku dalīja starp šo grāmatu un veco harmoniju kaktā ― at first he divided his free time between this book and the old harmonium in the corner

3. to share (to allow someone else to have a part of, or to have access to, something one owns; to use something together with someone else; to experience something together with someone else)

   dalīt pusdienu maizi ar biedriem ― to share (one's) lunch bread with (one's) comrades

   dalīt priekus un bēdas ― to share joys and sorrows

   dalītas bēdas ir pusbēdas ― shared sorrows are (only) half sorrows

   darba zemnieks dalīja ar partizāniem savu trūcīgo uzturu un apģērbu, cenšoties atdot cīnītājiem vienmēr labāko tiesu ― the working farmer shared with the partisans his poor food and clothes, trying to give to the fighters always the best part

4. to divide, to subdivide, to group, to classify (to assign things, people, etc. to different groups, categories)

   dalīt darbus patīkamos un nepatīkamos ― to divide works, chores into pleasant and unpleasant

   dzīvniekus dala mugurkaulniekos un bezmugurkaulniekos ― (one) divides, classifies animals into vertebrates and invertebrates

   Ņūtons bija spiests dalīt telpu absolūtā telpā un parastā jeb relatīvā telpā ― Newton was forced to divide space into absolute space and normal or relative space

5. (usually in participial form) divided, split, mixed (not fully dedicated to one thing; opposed to itself; contradictory)

   dažkārt domas visai dalītas: kas vienam liekas gluži labs, to otrs atzīst par viduvēju ― sometimes everybody's thoughts (are) divided: one (thought) seems to one (person) to be really good, the next (thought) really mediocre

   pirmo grāmatu bieži vien saņemam ar dalītām jūtām: prieks par jauna talanta parādīšanos mijas ar šaubām, vai nepievilsimies ― we often receive a first book with mixed feelings: joy for the appearance of a new talent mixed with doubts about whether we will be eventually disappointed

6. (arithmetic) to divide (to carry out numeric division)

   dalīt un reizināt ― to divide and to multiply

   divpadsmit dalīt ar trīs ― to divide twelve by three

prefixed verbs:

other derived terms:

• dalāms
• dalījums
• dalītājs, dalītāja
• dalīties

• dalāmība
• dalība, dalībnieks, dalībniece
• daļa