dalīt

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See also: dalit and Dalit

Latvian

Etymology

Originally the causative form of an earlier verb *dalt, *delt, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dalˀīti,[1] from Proto-Indo-European *delh₁- (to cut, to split, to hew). Cognates include Lithuanian dalýti, dalìnti, Old Prussian dellieis (< *deliyeis, imperative), Proto-Slavic *delěti (to overcome) (and its ablaut action noun Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian до́ля (dólja, part, share), Polish dola), Sanskrit दलति (dálati, to explode, to burst), दलयति (daláyati, to cause to burst; to slice), Latin dolō (to chop into shape, to fashion, to devise).[2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

dalīt (transitive, 3rd conjugation, present dalu, dali, dala, past dalīju)

  1. to divide, to split (to act on a whole in such a way that it becomes a set of separate parts; to be a border separating the parts of a whole)
    dalīt gabalosto divide (something) into pieces
    dalīt olu uz pusēmto divide, split an egg in half
    dalīt ābolu četrās daļāsto divide an apple into four parts
    dalīt vārdu zilbēsto divide, split a word into syllables
    malkas grēda dalīja pagalmu divās daļāsthe woodpile divided the courtyard into two parts
  2. to divide, to split, to share (to assign a part of something to every member of a certain group)
    dalīt mantuto divide the property
    dalīt peļņuto share the profits
    dalīt laupījumuto split the booty
    dalīt kārtisto deal the cards
    dalīta uzmanībadivided attention
    dalīt bērniem brokastisto give the children breakfast (lit. to divide breakfast (among) the children)
    sākumā viņš savu brīvo laiku dalīja starp šo grāmatu un veco harmoniju kaktāat first he divided his free time between this book and the old harmonium in the corner
  3. to share (to allow someone else to have a part of, or to have access to, something one owns; to use something together with someone else; to experience something together with someone else)
    dalīt pusdienu maizi ar biedriemto share (one's) lunch bread with (one's) comrades
    dalīt priekus un bēdasto share joys and sorrows
    dalītas bēdas ir pusbēdasshared sorrows are (only) half sorrows
    darba zemnieks dalīja ar partizāniem savu trūcīgo uzturu un apģērbu, cenšoties atdot cīnītājiem vienmēr labāko tiesuthe working farmer shared with the partisans his poor food and clothes, trying to give to the fighters always the best part
  4. to divide, to subdivide, to group, to classify (to assign things, people, etc. to different groups, categories)
    dalīt darbus patīkamos un nepatīkamosto divide works, chores into pleasant and unpleasant
    dzīvniekus dala mugurkaulniekos un bezmugurkaulniekos(one) divides, classifies animals into vertebrates and invertebrates
    Ņūtons bija spiests dalīt telpu absolūtā telpā un parastā jeb relatīvā telpāNewton was forced to divide space into absolute space and normal or relative space
  5. (usually in participial form) divided, split, mixed (not fully dedicated to one thing; opposed to itself; contradictory)
    dažkārt domas visai dalītas: kas vienam liekas gluži labs, to otrs atzīst par viduvējusometimes everybody's thoughts (are) divided: one (thought) seems to one (person) to be really good, the next (thought) really mediocre
    pirmo grāmatu bieži vien saņemam ar dalītām jūtām: prieks par jauna talanta parādīšanos mijas ar šaubām, vai nepievilsimieswe often receive a first book with mixed feelings: joy for the appearance of a new talent mixed with doubts about whether we will be eventually disappointed
  6. (arithmetic) to divide (to carry out numeric division)
    dalīt un reizinātto divide and to multiply
    divpadsmit dalīt ar trīsto divide twelve by three

Conjugation

Derived terms

prefixed verbs:
other derived terms:

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “dalyti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 114
  2. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “dalīt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN