daleki

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See also: daléki

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dalekъ. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /dalʲɛkiː/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /dalʲɛki/

Adjective

daleki (comparative dalszy, derived adverb daleko)

  1. (attested in Lesser Poland) far, distant
    • Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie, Krakow, page 2a:
      A tedy... tho bilo... tako othpouedzano, isczy... mili Xt s dalekichcy stron on prydzecz
      [A tedy... to było... tako otpowiedziano, iżci... Kryst miły, z dalekichci stron on przydzieć]
  2. (attested in Lesser Poland) long
  3. (in the comparative, of time) further, longer
    • 1930 [c. 1455], “Jos”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 6, 5:
      Gdysz zabrzni zwyøk trøbny dalszy (cumque insonuerit vox tubae longior), ...wzvola wszistek lvd
      [Gdyż zabrzni źwięk trąbny dalszy (cumque insonuerit vox tubae longior), ...wzwoła wszystek lud]
  4. (attested in Kuyavia) later
    • 1897 [1418], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume VII, number 400, Brześć Kujawski Voivodeship:
      Jakom tim kmeczom, za gesch pan Moscicz ranczil, ne dawal dalschego roku nisz ten, na ktori mi pan Mosticz ranczil
      [Jakom tym kmieciom, za jeż pan Mościc ręczył, nie dawał dalszego roku niż ten, na ktory mi pan Mościc ręczył]
  5. (of relatives, attested in Masovia) distant

Derived terms

nouns
adverbs
noun
verbs

Descendants

  • Polish: daleki
  • Silesian: daleki

References

  • Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “daleki”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
  • Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “daleki”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
  • Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “daleki”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “daleki”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish daleki.

Pronunciation

 
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛki
  • Syllabification: da‧le‧ki

Adjective

daleki (comparative dalszy, superlative najdalszy, Middle Polish superlative nadalszy, derived adverb daleko)

  1. far, distant (not physically close)
    Synonyms: odległy, oddalony
    Antonyms: bliski, niedaleki
  2. far (coming from a long distance)
  3. far (coming from distant places)
  4. far (being very different from a particular thing)
    Antonyms: bliski, niedaleki
    daleki od doskonałościfar from perfect
  5. distant (having little or no relation with something)
    Synonym: niepodobny
    Antonyms: bliski, ścisły
  6. distant (of something with which someone or something has little contact)
    Antonym: bliski
  7. (of relatives) distant
    Antonym: bliski
  8. (of events) distant (having happened a long time ago or in a long time)
    Synonyms: (of past events) dawny, (of future events) odległy
  9. long-lasting
  10. long-distance
  11. uninteresting
  12. distant (not equal to something, incompatible with something)
  13. (Middle Polish) substantial, large, significant
  14. (Middle Polish) indirect; incomplete
  15. (Middle Polish) remote; Further details are uncertain.
    • 1532, Bartłomiej z Bydgoszczy, Słownik łacińsko-polski, page 2b:
      Abditus, dalyeky.
      [Abditus, daleki.]
    • 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon, page 98c:
      E longinquo, Z dáleká
      [E longinquo, Z daleka]
    • 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon, page 501c:
      Ulterior, Dálſzy.
      [Ulterior, Dalszy.]
    • 1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum, page 201b:
      Citerior ‒ Dalſzy, oddąlony.
      [Citerior ‒ Dalszy, oddalony.]

Declension

Derived terms

adjectives
adverb
nouns
verbs

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), daleki is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 53 times in scientific texts, 79 times in news, 99 times in essays, 43 times in fiction, and 11 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 285 times, making it the 177th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References

  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “daleki”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 68

Further reading

  • daleki in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • daleki in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “daleki”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • DALEKI”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 22.06.2010
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “daleki”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “daleki”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “daleki”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 423

Serbo-Croatian

Adjective

daleki

  1. inflection of dàlek:
    1. masculine nominative/vocative plural
    2. definite masculine nominative/vocative singular
    3. definite inanimate masculine accusative singular

Silesian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish daleki.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /daˈlɛ.ki/
  • Rhymes: -ɛki
  • Syllabification: da‧le‧ki

Adjective

daleki (comparative dalszy, superlative nojdalszy, derived adverb daleko)

  1. far, distant

Declension

Further reading