dam-

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "dam"

Garo

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Classifier

dam-

  1. classifier for places: villages, fields, houses, windows, doors

Old Irish

Pronunciation

Prefix

dam- (class B & C infixed pronoun, triggers lenition)

  1. Alternative form of dom- (“me”)

See also

Old Irish affixed pronouns

See Appendix:Old Irish affixed pronouns for details on how these forms are used.
Note that the so-called “infixed” pronouns are technically prefixes, but they are never the first prefix in a verbal complex.

Person Infixed Suffixed
Class A Class B Class C
1 sing. m-L dom-L, dam-L -um
2 sing. t-L dot-L, dat-L, dut-L, dit-L -ut
3 sing. m. a-N, e-N d-N id-N, did-N, d-N -i, -it
3 sing. f. s-(N) da- -us
3 sing. n. a-L, e-L d-L id-L, did-L, d-L -i, -it
1 pl. n- don-, dun-, dan- -unn
2 pl. b- dob-, dub-, dab- -uib
3 pl. s-(N) da- -us
L means this form triggers lenition.
N means this form triggers nasalization (eclipsis)
(N) means this form triggers nasalization in some texts but not in others.

Welsh

Alternative forms

Etymology

Proto-Celtic *do-ambi-, from *do- +‎ *ambi-, equivalent to dy- (“to, together”) +‎ am- (“around”).

Pronunciation

Prefix

dam-

  1. around, circum-
    ‎dam- + ‎cylchu (“to circle, to surround”) → ‎damgylchu (“to encompass, to surround”)
    ‎dam- + ‎amcanu (“to estimate”) → ‎damcanu (“to conjecture, to speculate”)

Derived terms

Welsh terms prefixed with dam-

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
dam- ddam- nam- unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “dam-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
  2. ^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 156 i (13)
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