dhīra

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Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit धीर (dhīra, “firm”) and Sanskrit धीर (dhīra, “wise”). In Pali, the two words merged into a single polysemous word, at least in the understanding of the commentaries.[1]

Adjective

dhīra

  1. wise[2]
    • c. 50 BC, The Buddha, Dhammapada(pāḷi), Appamādavaɡɡa, page 32; republished in The Eighteenth Book in the Suttanta-Pitaka: Khuddaka-Nikāya‎, Colombo, 2009:
      8. පමාදං අප‍්පමාදෙන යදා නුදති පණ‍්ඩිතො 28
      පඤ‍්ඤාපාසාදමාරුය‍්හ අසොකො සොකිනිං පජං
      පබ‍්බතට‍්ඨො’ව භුම‍්මට‍්ඨෙ ධීරො බාලෙ අවෙක‍්ඛති.
      8. Pamādaṃ appamādena yadā nudati paṇḍito 28
      Paññāpāsādamāruyha asoko sokiniṃ pajaṃ
      Pabbataṭṭho'va bhummaṭṭhe dhīro bāle avekkhati.
      8. When the astute dispel negligence by means of diligence, 28
      having ascended the palace of wisdom, the sorrow-free behold this generation of sorrow,
      as a wise man on a mountain-top beholds the fools below.
      (literally, “8. When the astute dispel negligence by means of diligence, 28
      having ascended the palace of wisdom, the sorrow-free behold this generation of sorrow,
      as a wise man on a mountain-top beholds the fools on the ground.      ”)
      (Wiktionary translation adapted from translation of the Pali by Ajahn Sujato.)
  2. firm,[2] resolute,[2] brave[2]

Declension

Please help by providing confirmation or refutation of the feminine form.

Declension table of "dhīra" (masculine)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)dhīrodhīrā
Accusative (second)dhīraṃdhīre
Instrumental (third)dhīrenadhīrehi or dhīrebhi
Dative (fourth)dhīrassa or dhīrāya or dhīratthaṃdhīrānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)dhīrasmā or dhīramhā or dhīrādhīrehi or dhīrebhi
Genitive (sixth)dhīrassadhīrānaṃ
Locative (seventh)dhīrasmiṃ or dhīramhi or dhīredhīresu
Vocative (calling)dhīradhīrā
Declension table of "dhīrā" (feminine)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)dhīrādhīrāyo or dhīrā
Accusative (second)dhīraṃdhīrāyo or dhīrā
Instrumental (third)dhīrāyadhīrāhi or dhīrābhi
Dative (fourth)dhīrāyadhīrānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)dhīrāyadhīrāhi or dhīrābhi
Genitive (sixth)dhīrāyadhīrānaṃ
Locative (seventh)dhīrāya or dhīrāyaṃdhīrāsu
Vocative (calling)dhīredhīrāyo or dhīrā
Declension table of "dhīra" (neuter)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)dhīraṃdhīrāni
Accusative (second)dhīraṃdhīrāni
Instrumental (third)dhīrenadhīrehi or dhīrebhi
Dative (fourth)dhīrassa or dhīrāya or dhīratthaṃdhīrānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)dhīrasmā or dhīramhā or dhīrādhīrehi or dhīrebhi
Genitive (sixth)dhīrassadhīrānaṃ
Locative (seventh)dhīrasmiṃ or dhīramhi or dhīredhīresu
Vocative (calling)dhīradhīrāni

References

  1. ^ Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “dhīra”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Childers, Robert Caesar, Dictionary of the Päli language, London: Trübner & Company, 1875, page 122.
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