dhani

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Swahili

Etymology

From Arabic ظَنَّ (ẓanna).

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

-dhani (infinitive kudhani)

  1. to think, surmise, guess
    Synonym: -fikiri

Conjugation

Conjugation of -dhani
Positive present -nadhani
Subjunctive -dhani
Negative -dhani
Imperative singular dhani
Infinitives
Positive kudhani
Negative kutodhani
Imperatives
Singular dhani
Plural dhanini
Tensed forms
Habitual hudhani
Positive past positive subject concord + -lidhani
Negative past negative subject concord + -kudhani
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nadhani)
Singular Plural
1st person ninadhani/nadhani tunadhani
2nd person unadhani mnadhani
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anadhani wanadhani
other classes positive subject concord + -nadhani
Negative present (negative subject concord + -dhani)
Singular Plural
1st person sidhani hatudhani
2nd person hudhani hamdhani
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hadhani hawadhani
other classes negative subject concord + -dhani
Positive future positive subject concord + -tadhani
Negative future negative subject concord + -tadhani
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -dhani)
Singular Plural
1st person nidhani tudhani
2nd person udhani mdhani
3rd person m-wa(I/II) adhani wadhani
other classes positive subject concord + -dhani
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sidhani
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngedhani
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singedhani
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalidhani
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalidhani
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -adhani)
Singular Plural
1st person nadhani twadhani
2nd person wadhani mwadhani
3rd person m-wa(I/II) adhani wadhani
m-mi(III/IV) wadhani yadhani
ji-ma(V/VI) ladhani yadhani
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chadhani vyadhani
n(IX/X) yadhani zadhani
u(XI) wadhani see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwadhani
pa(XVI) padhani
mu(XVIII) mwadhani
Perfect positive subject concord + -medhani
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshadhani
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jadhani
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kidhani
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipodhani
Consecutive kadhani / positive subject concord + -kadhani
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kadhani
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nidhani -tudhani
2nd person -kudhani -wadhani/-kudhanini/-wadhanini
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mdhani -wadhani
m-mi(III/IV) -udhani -idhani
ji-ma(V/VI) -lidhani -yadhani
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kidhani -vidhani
n(IX/X) -idhani -zidhani
u(XI) -udhani see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kudhani
pa(XVI) -padhani
mu(XVIII) -mudhani
Reflexive -jidhani
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -dhani- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -dhaniye -dhanio
m-mi(III/IV) -dhanio -dhaniyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -dhanilo -dhaniyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -dhanicho -dhanivyo
n(IX/X) -dhaniyo -dhanizo
u(XI) -dhanio see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -dhaniko
pa(XVI) -dhanipo
mu(XVIII) -dhanimo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -dhani)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yedhani -odhani
m-mi(III/IV) -odhani -yodhani
ji-ma(V/VI) -lodhani -yodhani
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chodhani -vyodhani
n(IX/X) -yodhani -zodhani
u(XI) -odhani see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kodhani
pa(XVI) -podhani
mu(XVIII) -modhani
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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