dhikiri

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Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ذِكْر (ḏikr).[1]

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Noun

dhikiri (n class, plural dhikiri)

  1. (Islam) dhikr

Verb

-dhikiri (infinitive kudhikiri)

  1. (Islam) to praise God; to recite a dhikr

Conjugation

Conjugation of -dhikiri
Positive present -nadhikiri
Subjunctive -dhikiri
Negative -dhikiri
Imperative singular dhikiri
Infinitives
Positive kudhikiri
Negative kutodhikiri
Imperatives
Singular dhikiri
Plural dhikirini
Tensed forms
Habitual hudhikiri
Positive past positive subject concord + -lidhikiri
Negative past negative subject concord + -kudhikiri
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nadhikiri)
Singular Plural
1st person ninadhikiri/nadhikiri tunadhikiri
2nd person unadhikiri mnadhikiri
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anadhikiri wanadhikiri
other classes positive subject concord + -nadhikiri
Negative present (negative subject concord + -dhikiri)
Singular Plural
1st person sidhikiri hatudhikiri
2nd person hudhikiri hamdhikiri
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hadhikiri hawadhikiri
other classes negative subject concord + -dhikiri
Positive future positive subject concord + -tadhikiri
Negative future negative subject concord + -tadhikiri
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -dhikiri)
Singular Plural
1st person nidhikiri tudhikiri
2nd person udhikiri mdhikiri
3rd person m-wa(I/II) adhikiri wadhikiri
other classes positive subject concord + -dhikiri
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sidhikiri
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngedhikiri
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singedhikiri
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalidhikiri
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalidhikiri
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -adhikiri)
Singular Plural
1st person nadhikiri twadhikiri
2nd person wadhikiri mwadhikiri
3rd person m-wa(I/II) adhikiri wadhikiri
m-mi(III/IV) wadhikiri yadhikiri
ji-ma(V/VI) ladhikiri yadhikiri
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chadhikiri vyadhikiri
n(IX/X) yadhikiri zadhikiri
u(XI) wadhikiri see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwadhikiri
pa(XVI) padhikiri
mu(XVIII) mwadhikiri
Perfect positive subject concord + -medhikiri
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshadhikiri
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jadhikiri
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kidhikiri
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipodhikiri
Consecutive kadhikiri / positive subject concord + -kadhikiri
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kadhikiri
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nidhikiri -tudhikiri
2nd person -kudhikiri -wadhikiri/-kudhikirini/-wadhikirini
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mdhikiri -wadhikiri
m-mi(III/IV) -udhikiri -idhikiri
ji-ma(V/VI) -lidhikiri -yadhikiri
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kidhikiri -vidhikiri
n(IX/X) -idhikiri -zidhikiri
u(XI) -udhikiri see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kudhikiri
pa(XVI) -padhikiri
mu(XVIII) -mudhikiri
Reflexive -jidhikiri
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -dhikiri- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -dhikiriye -dhikirio
m-mi(III/IV) -dhikirio -dhikiriyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -dhikirilo -dhikiriyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -dhikiricho -dhikirivyo
n(IX/X) -dhikiriyo -dhikirizo
u(XI) -dhikirio see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -dhikiriko
pa(XVI) -dhikiripo
mu(XVIII) -dhikirimo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -dhikiri)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yedhikiri -odhikiri
m-mi(III/IV) -odhikiri -yodhikiri
ji-ma(V/VI) -lodhikiri -yodhikiri
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chodhikiri -vyodhikiri
n(IX/X) -yodhikiri -zodhikiri
u(XI) -odhikiri see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kodhikiri
pa(XVI) -podhikiri
mu(XVIII) -modhikiri
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

References

  1. ^ Baldi, Sergio (2020 November 30) Dictionary of Arabic Loanwords in the Languages of Central and East Africa (Handbuch der Orientalistik; Erste Abteilung: Der Nahe und der Mittlere Osten; 145), Leiden • Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 111 Nr. 985
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