dhyana

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English

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Etymology

From Sanskrit ध्यान (dhyāna, literally “meditation”). Doublet of Zen and Chan.

Pronunciation

Noun

dhyana (countable and uncountable, plural dhyanas)

  1. (Hinduism, Buddhism) A type of profound meditation.
    • 1844, Calcutta Review, page 123:
      Thus the Kaivalyopanisad accords equal importance to Sraddha (faith-regard), devotion (bhakti) and meditation (dhyana) for the attainment of the highest knowledge.
    • 1860, Robert Spence Hardy, Eastern monachism‎, page 262:
      The beginning must be made with pathawi-kasina, and then the dhyánas, &c., must be taken alternately, as from the first dhyána to the third, then to ákásánancháyatana, and so on to the end.
    • 1997, Meditation: The Buddhist Way of Tranquillity and Insight‎, page 86:
      Each of the three planes may be experienced through developing the dhyānas in meditation - so here we have yet another way of describing higher states of consciousness.

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