dir
dir (plural dirs)
dir (not comparable)
dir
dir
Inherited from Latin īre. The forms beginning with /b/ derive from corresponding conjugations of Latin vādere; those beginning with /f/ derive from forms of Latin esse.
dir
dir
dir m
Inherited from Latin dīcere, from Proto-Italic *deikō, from Proto-Indo-European *déyḱti (“to show, point out”). Compare Occitan dire or díser, French dire, and Spanish decir.
dir (first-person singular present dic, first-person singular preterite diguí, past participle dit)
infinitive | dir | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | dient | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | dit | dita | |||||
plural | dits | dites | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | dic | dius | diu | diem | dieu | diuen | |
imperfect | deia | deies | deia | dèiem | dèieu | deien | |
future | diré | diràs | dirà | direm | direu | diran | |
preterite | diguí | digueres | digué | diguérem | diguéreu | digueren | |
conditional | diria | diries | diria | diríem | diríeu | dirien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | digui | diguis | digui | diguem | digueu | diguin | |
imperfect | digués | diguessis | digués | diguéssim | diguéssiu | diguessin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
affirmative | — | digues | digui | diguem | digueu | diguin | |
negative (no) | — | no diguis | no digui | no diguem | no digueu | no diguin |
Balearic has deis and Valencian has dis as the second-person plural present indicative form. This is similar to French dire having dites as the standard form instead of the expected disez, and contemporary Italian dire having dite as the standard form in place of the expected dicete.
From Middle High German dir, from Old High German dir, from Proto-West Germanic *þiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *þiz.
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dir
dir
dir (apocopated)
From Old High German dir.
dir
From Old High German ir. The d- is through unetymological segmentation of the ending -t of a preceding verb (*stitt ir → *stiddir → stitt dir). This development was assisted by a parallelism with the 1st person, in which the dative singular mir is also the nominative plural (this latter development occurred for a similar reason, but was earlier and is widespread throughout High German).
dir
nominative | accusative | dative | reflexive | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | ||||||
singular | 1st person | ech | — | mech | — | mir | mer | like dat. and acc. | |||
2nd person | informal | du | de | dech | — | dir | der | like dat. and acc. | |||
formal | Dir | Der | Iech | Iech | Iech | Iech | Iech | ||||
3rd person | m | hien | en | hien | en | him | em | sech | |||
f | si | se | si | se | hir | er | sech | ||||
n | hatt | et ('t) | hatt | et ('t) | him | em | sech | ||||
plural | 1st person | mir | mer | eis (ons) | — | eis (ons) | — | eis (ons) | |||
2nd person | dir | der | iech | iech | iech | iech | iech | ||||
3rd person | si | se | si | se | hinnen | en | sech |
From a contraction of Latin dīcō, dīcere.
dir
From Middle High German dir, from Old High German dir, from Proto-West Germanic *þiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *þiz. Compare German dir.
dir
Number | singular | plural | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person/ Gender |
1st | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |||
familiar | polite/formal | m | f | n | |||||
nominative | ich | du de1 |
dihr der1 Sie |
er | sie se1 |
es | mir mer1 |
dihr der1 |
sie |
dative | mir mer1 |
dir der1 |
eich Ihne Ne1 |
ihm em1 |
ihre re1 |
ihm em1 |
uns | eich | ihne ne1 |
accusative | mich | dich | eich Sie |
ihn en1 |
sie se1 |
es | sie |
1 unstressed
dir m (feminine singular dira, masculine plural dirs, feminine plural diras)
From a contraction of Latin dīcō, dīcere, from Proto-Italic *deikō, from Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to show, point out”). The origin of some forms starting with sch- likely result from regular elisions of unstressed syllables: dīcēbam → *dcéβa → scheva.
dir
infinitive | dir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | schend | |||||
past participle | ditg | |||||
singular | plural | |||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | jeu | ti | el/ella | nus | vus | els/ellas |
present | di | dis | di | schain | schais | din |
imperfect | scheva | schevas | scheva | schevan | schevas | schevan |
future | vegnel a dir | vegns a dir | vegn a dir | vegnin a dir | vegnis a dir | vegnan a dir |
conditional | jeu | ti | el/ella | nus | vus | els/ellas |
present | schess | schesses | schess | schessen | schesses | schessen |
future | vegness a dir | vegnesses a dir | vegness a dir | vegnessen a dir | vegnesses a dir | vegnessen a dir |
subjunctive | che jeu | che ti | ch'el/ch'ella | che nus | che vus | ch'els/ch'ellas |
present | dia | dias | dia | dian | dias | dian |
future | vegni a dir | vegnies a dir | vegni a dir | vegnîen a dir | vegnîes a dir | vegnien a dir |
imperative | — | ti | — | — | vus | — |
di | schai |
infinitive | dir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | dend | |||||
past participle | detg | |||||
singular | plural | |||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | jeu | ti | el/ella | nus | vus | els/ellas |
present | ditgel | dias | di | schein | scheis | dian |
imperfect | devel | devas | deva | devan | devas | devan |
future | vegnel a dir | vegns a dir | vegn a dir | vegnin a dir | vegnis a dir | vegnan a dir |
conditional | jeu | ti | el/ella | nus | vus | els/ellas |
direct present | schess | schesses | schess | schessen | schesses | schessen |
indirect present | schessi | schessies | schessi | schessien | schessies | schessien |
direct future | vegness a dir | vegnesses a dir | vegness a dir | vegnessen a dir | vegnesses a dir | vegnessen a dir |
indirect future | vegnessi a dir | vegnessies a dir | vegnessi a dir | vegnessien a dir | vegnessies a dir | vegnessien a dir |
subjunctive | che jeu | che ti | ch'el/ch'ella | che nus | che vus | ch'els/ch'ellas |
present | ditgi | ditgies | ditgi | scheien | scheies | ditgien |
past | devi | devies | devi | devien | devies | devien |
future | vegni a dir | vegnies a dir | vegni a dir | vegnîen a dir | vegnîes a dir | vegnien a dir |
imperative | — | ti | — | — | vus | — |
di | schei |
dir m (plural dirs)
dir
dir
singular | dual | paucal | plural | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st person exclusive |
iau | amir mir |
amital mital |
avet ave1 |
1st person inclusive |
- | dor | datal | dat da1 |
2nd person | u | amur mur |
amutal mutal |
avat ava1 |
3rd person | ia i |
dir di |
dital | diat dia1 |
1) The plural pronouns lose the final -t when preceding a verb.
From a contraction of Latin dīcere (compare Italian dire), present active infinitive of dīcō.
dir
* Venetan conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
infinitive | dir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
auxiliary verb | aver | gerund | déndo | |||
past participle | dito, dixésto | |||||
person | singular | plural | ||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
indicative | mi | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
present | do | (te) di, (te) dixi | (el/ła) de | démo | dì | (i/łe) de |
imperfect | déa | (te) divi, (te) dixivi | (el/ła) déa | dévimo | divi | (i/łe) déa |
future | darò | (te) darè | (el/ła) darà | darémo | darè | (i/łe) darà |
conditional | darìa | (te) darisi | (el/ła) darìa | darìsimo | darisi | (i/łe) darìa |
subjunctive | che mi | che ti | che eło / eła | che noialtri / noialtre | che voialtri / voialtre | che łuri / łore |
present | da | (te) di | (el/ła) da | démo | dì | (i/łe) da |
imperfect | dése | (te) disi | (el/ła) dése | désimo | disi | (i/łe) dése |
imperative | — | ti | eło / eła | noialtri / noialtre | voialtri / voialtre | łuri / łore |
— | (te) di | (el/ła) da | démo | dì | (i/łe) da |
dir (feminine singular dir, plural dir, equative dired, comparative dirach, superlative diraf)
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
---|---|---|---|
dir | ddir | nir | unchanged |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
dir
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
---|---|---|---|
tir | dir | nhir | thir |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.