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Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *dormjō, from Proto-Indo-European *dr̥m-yé-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *drem- (“to run, sleep”).
Cognates include Old Church Slavonic дрѣмати (drěmati, “to drowse, doze”), Russian дрема́ть (dremátʹ), Sanskrit द्राति (drāti, “to sleep”), Ancient Greek δαρθάνω (darthánō, “I sleep”).
Pronunciation
Verb
dormiō (present infinitive dormīre, perfect active dormīvī or dormiī, supine dormītum); fourth conjugation, no passive
- to sleep
- Synonyms: obdormīscō, obdormiō, dormītō, obdormītō, cubō
- Antonyms: expergīscor, vigilō
Eō dormītum.- I'm going to sleep.
Dormītūrī tē salūtant.- Those (we) who are about to sleep salute you.
c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE,
Catullus,
Carmina 5:
- Nōbīs cum semel occidit brevis lūx, nox est perpetua ūna dormienda.
- When the brief light has set on us, we must sleep one eternal night.
65 BCE – 8 BCE,
Horace,
Sermones 2.1.7:
- vērum nequeō dormīre
- In truth, I can't sleep.
- 4th-century CE, Jerome of Stridon (St. Jerome), Vulgate, 24:27:
- parum inquam dormiēs modicum dormitābis pauxillum manūs cōnserēs ut quiēscās
- Thou wilt sleep a little, said I, thou wilt slumber a little, thou wilt fold thy hands a little to rest.
- (trans. Douay-Rheims Bible)
Conjugation
Conjugation of dormiō (fourth conjugation, active only)
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indicative
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singular
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plural
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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active
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present
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dormiō
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dormīs
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dormit
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dormīmus
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dormītis
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dormiunt
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imperfect
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dormiēbam
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dormiēbās
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dormiēbat
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dormiēbāmus
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dormiēbātis
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dormiēbant
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future
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dormiam
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dormiēs
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dormiet
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dormiēmus
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dormiētis
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dormient
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perfect
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dormīvī, dormiī
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dormīvistī, dormiistī
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dormīvit, dormiit
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dormīvimus, dormiimus
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dormīvistis, dormiistis
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dormīvērunt, dormīvēre, dormiērunt, dormiēre
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pluperfect
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dormīveram, dormieram
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dormīverās, dormierās
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dormīverat, dormierat
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dormīverāmus, dormierāmus
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dormīverātis, dormierātis
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dormīverant, dormierant
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future perfect
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dormīverō, dormierō
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dormīveris, dormieris
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dormīverit, dormierit
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dormīverimus, dormierimus
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dormīveritis, dormieritis
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dormīverint, dormierint
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subjunctive
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singular
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plural
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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active
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present
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dormiam
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dormiās
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dormiat
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dormiāmus
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dormiātis
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dormiant
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imperfect
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dormīrem
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dormīrēs
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dormīret
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dormīrēmus
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dormīrētis
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dormīrent
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perfect
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dormīverim, dormierim
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dormīverīs, dormierīs
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dormīverit, dormierit
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dormīverīmus, dormierīmus
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dormīverītis, dormierītis
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dormīverint, dormierint
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pluperfect
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dormīvissem, dormiissem
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dormīvissēs, dormiissēs
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dormīvisset, dormiisset
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dormīvissēmus, dormiissēmus
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dormīvissētis, dormiissētis
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dormīvissent, dormiissent
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imperative
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singular
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plural
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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active
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present
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—
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dormī
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—
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—
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dormīte
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—
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future
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—
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dormītō
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dormītō
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—
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dormītōte
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dormiuntō
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non-finite forms
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active
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passive
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present
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perfect
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future
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present
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perfect
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future
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infinitives
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dormīre
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dormīvisse, dormiisse
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dormītūrum esse
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—
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—
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—
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participles
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dormiēns
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—
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dormītūrus
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—
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—
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—
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verbal nouns
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gerund
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supine
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genitive
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dative
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accusative
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ablative
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accusative
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ablative
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dormiendī
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dormiendō
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dormiendum
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dormiendō
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dormītum
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dormītū
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Descendants
- Balkan Romance:
- Dalmatian:
- Italo-Romance:
- Padanian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Insular Romance:
- Borrowings:
References
- “dormio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “dormio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- dormio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- I cannot sleep for anxiety: curae somnum mihi adimunt, dormire me non sinunt
- to sleep soundly (from fatigue): arte, graviter dormire (ex lassitudine)
- to sleep on into the morning: in lucem dormire
- ^ “dormire” in: Alberto Nocentini, Alessandro Parenti, “l'Etimologico — Vocabolario della lingua italiana”, Le Monnier, 2010, →ISBN
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN