dunda

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Icelandic

Etymology

From dund +‎ -a.

Pronunciation

Verb

dunda (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative dundaði, supine dundað)

  1. to potter about, to keep oneself busy, to tinker
    Synonyms: dútla, föndra, bauka

Conjugation

dunda — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að dunda
supine
(sagnbót) 		dundað
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		dundandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég dunda við dundum present
(nútíð) 		ég dundi við dundum
þú dundar þið dundið þú dundir þið dundið
hann, hún, það dundar þeir, þær, þau dunda hann, hún, það dundi þeir, þær, þau dundi
past
(þátíð) 		ég dundaði við dunduðum past
(þátíð) 		ég dundaði við dunduðum
þú dundaðir þið dunduðuð þú dundaðir þið dunduðuð
hann, hún, það dundaði þeir, þær, þau dunduðu hann, hún, það dundaði þeir, þær, þau dunduðu
imperative
(boðháttur) 		dunda (þú) dundið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
dundaðu dundiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
dundast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að dundast
supine
(sagnbót) 		dundast
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		dundandist **
** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég dundast við dundumst present
(nútíð) 		ég dundist við dundumst
þú dundast þið dundist þú dundist þið dundist
hann, hún, það dundast þeir, þær, þau dundast hann, hún, það dundist þeir, þær, þau dundist
past
(þátíð) 		ég dundaðist við dunduðumst past
(þátíð) 		ég dundaðist við dunduðumst
þú dundaðist þið dunduðust þú dundaðist þið dunduðust
hann, hún, það dundaðist þeir, þær, þau dunduðust hann, hún, það dundaðist þeir, þær, þau dunduðust
imperative
(boðháttur) 		dundast (þú) dundist (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
dundastu dundisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
dundaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		dundaður dunduð dundað dundaðir dundaðar dunduð
accusative
(þolfall) 		dundaðan dundaða dundað dundaða dundaðar dunduð
dative
(þágufall) 		dunduðum dundaðri dunduðu dunduðum dunduðum dunduðum
genitive
(eignarfall) 		dundaðs dundaðrar dundaðs dundaðra dundaðra dundaðra
weak declension
(veik beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		dundaði dundaða dundaða dunduðu dunduðu dunduðu
accusative
(þolfall) 		dundaða dunduðu dundaða dunduðu dunduðu dunduðu
dative
(þágufall) 		dundaða dunduðu dundaða dunduðu dunduðu dunduðu
genitive
(eignarfall) 		dundaða dunduðu dundaða dunduðu dunduðu dunduðu

Spanish

Noun

dunda f (plural dundas)

  1. female equivalent of dundo

Swahili

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

-dunda (infinitive kudunda)

  1. to hit hard, to bounce

Conjugation

Conjugation of -dunda
Positive present -nadunda
Subjunctive -dunde
Negative -dundi
Imperative singular dunda
Infinitives
Positive kudunda
Negative kutodunda
Imperatives
Singular dunda
Plural dundeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hudunda
Positive past positive subject concord + -lidunda
Negative past negative subject concord + -kudunda
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nadunda)
Singular Plural
1st person ninadunda/nadunda tunadunda
2nd person unadunda mnadunda
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anadunda wanadunda
other classes positive subject concord + -nadunda
Negative present (negative subject concord + -dundi)
Singular Plural
1st person sidundi hatudundi
2nd person hudundi hamdundi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hadundi hawadundi
other classes negative subject concord + -dundi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tadunda
Negative future negative subject concord + -tadunda
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -dunde)
Singular Plural
1st person nidunde tudunde
2nd person udunde mdunde
3rd person m-wa(I/II) adunde wadunde
other classes positive subject concord + -dunde
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sidunde
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngedunda
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singedunda
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalidunda
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalidunda
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -adunda)
Singular Plural
1st person nadunda twadunda
2nd person wadunda mwadunda
3rd person m-wa(I/II) adunda wadunda
m-mi(III/IV) wadunda yadunda
ji-ma(V/VI) ladunda yadunda
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chadunda vyadunda
n(IX/X) yadunda zadunda
u(XI) wadunda see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwadunda
pa(XVI) padunda
mu(XVIII) mwadunda
Perfect positive subject concord + -medunda
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshadunda
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jadunda
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kidunda
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipodunda
Consecutive kadunda / positive subject concord + -kadunda
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kadunde
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nidunda -tudunda
2nd person -kudunda -wadunda/-kudundeni/-wadundeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mdunda -wadunda
m-mi(III/IV) -udunda -idunda
ji-ma(V/VI) -lidunda -yadunda
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kidunda -vidunda
n(IX/X) -idunda -zidunda
u(XI) -udunda see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kudunda
pa(XVI) -padunda
mu(XVIII) -mudunda
Reflexive -jidunda
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -dunda- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -dundaye -dundao
m-mi(III/IV) -dundao -dundayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -dundalo -dundayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -dundacho -dundavyo
n(IX/X) -dundayo -dundazo
u(XI) -dundao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -dundako
pa(XVI) -dundapo
mu(XVIII) -dundamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -dunda)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yedunda -odunda
m-mi(III/IV) -odunda -yodunda
ji-ma(V/VI) -lodunda -yodunda
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chodunda -vyodunda
n(IX/X) -yodunda -zodunda
u(XI) -odunda see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kodunda
pa(XVI) -podunda
mu(XVIII) -modunda
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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