eala

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See also: -eala, and -eală

Irish

Etymology

From Middle Irish ela, elae, from Old Irish elu,[1] from Proto-Celtic *eli- (“swan”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁el- (“swan”). Cognates within Celtic include Breton alarc’h, Cornish alargh, Welsh alarch, and outside Celtic Latin olor and Ancient Greek ἐλέα (eléa, “marsh bird”).[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

eala f (genitive singular eala, nominative plural ealaí)

  1. swan
    • 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 22:
      xøn̄ik mē ȧlə eŕ ə l̄ox.
      [Chonaic mé eala ar an loch.]
      I saw a swan on the lake.
    • 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 22:
      əs mō šḱihān ən ȧlə n̄ā šḱihān ǵē.
      [Is mó sciathán an eala ná sciathán gé.]
      The wing of the swan is larger than the wing of a goose.
    • 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 22:
      xuə šȧxt n-ȧlə harm̥ sn̥ ēr əńú.
      [Chuaigh seacht n-eala tharam san aer inniu.]
      Seven swans went past me in the air today.

Declension

Declension of eala

Fourth declension

Bare forms

Case Singular Plural
Nominative eala ealaí
Vocative a eala a ealaí
Genitive eala ealaí
Dative eala ealaí

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an eala na healaí
Genitive na heala na n-ealaí
Dative leis an eala

don eala

leis na healaí

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical Eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
eala n-eala heala not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ela”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*elV-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 114–15
  3. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 75
  4. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 81

Further reading

Old English

Alternative forms

Etymology

Perhaps from a compound whose elements answer to ēa (“oh!, ah!”) +‎ lā (“lo”). Compare Old Frisian ēala (“hail!, hello!”).

Pronunciation

Interjection

ēalā

  1. oh; hey
    Ēalā frēond, hwȳ eart þū swā sċēoh?
    Oh friend, why are you so shy?

Conjunction

ēalā

  1. if only

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Middle English: halloo, halow

Old Frisian

Interjection

ēala

  1. hail!
    Eala, frya Fresena!
    Hail, free Frisians!

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Middle Irish ela, elae, from Old Irish elu, from Proto-Celtic *eli- (“swan”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁el- (“swan”).

Pronunciation

Noun

eala f (genitive singular ealaidh, plural ealachan)

  1. swan

Mutation

Mutation of eala
Radical Eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
eala n-eala h-eala t-eala

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  2. ^ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎, Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
  3. ^ Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon (1966) Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas, Dublin: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath
  4. ^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
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